וְזֶה־לְּךָ֣ הָאֹ֔ות אָכֹ֤ול הַשָּׁנָה֙ סָפִ֔יחַ וּבַשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית שָׁחִ֑יס וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗ית זִרְע֧וּ וְקִצְר֛וּ וְנִטְע֥וּ כְרָמִ֖ים ואכול פִרְיָֽם׃
And this shall be the sign for you: In this year you shall eat the aftergrowth, and in the second year that which springs up, and in the third year sow and reap and plant vineyards and eat their fruit.
Morphology
- וְזֶה־לְּךָ֣ (ve-zeh lekha) – Root: זה; Form: Conjunction + demonstrative + preposition + 2ms suffix; Translation: “And this for you”; Notes: Introduces a sign or token.
- הָאֹ֔ות (ha-ʾot) – Root: אות; Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the sign”; Notes: A divine confirmation or guarantee.
- אָכֹ֤ול (ʾakhol) – Root: אכל; Form: Infinitive absolute (Qal); Translation: “you shall eat”; Notes: Emphatic usage indicating certainty.
- הַשָּׁנָה֙ (ha-shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the year”; Notes: Refers to the first year of the sign.
- סָפִ֔יחַ (safiʿaḥ) – Root: ספח; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “aftergrowth”; Notes: Self-sown crops from previous harvests.
- וּבַשָּׁנָ֥ה (u-va-shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular with article; Translation: “and in the year”; Notes: Introduction to second phase.
- הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית (ha-shenit) – Root: שני; Form: Ordinal adjective, feminine singular with article; Translation: “the second”; Notes: Modifies “year.”
- שָׁחִ֑יס (shaḥis) – Root: שׁחס; Form: Noun or verbal form, masculine singular; Translation: “that which springs up”; Notes: Possibly spontaneous growth from roots or stalks; hapax legomenon.
- וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה (u-va-shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular with article; Translation: “and in the year”; Notes: Introduces third stage.
- הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗ית (ha-shelishit) – Root: שלש; Form: Ordinal adjective, feminine singular with article; Translation: “the third”; Notes: Third year in sequence.
- זִרְע֧וּ (zirʿu) – Root: זרע; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “sow”; Notes: Command to actively cultivate.
- וְקִצְר֛וּ (ve-qitseru) – Root: קצר; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and reap”; Notes: Completion of agricultural cycle.
- וְנִטְע֥וּ (ve-nitʿu) – Root: נטע; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and plant”; Notes: Refers specifically to planting vineyards.
- כְרָמִ֖ים (keramim) – Root: כרם; Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “vineyards”; Notes: Symbol of stability and blessing.
- וַאֲכֹלוּ (va-ʾakhelu) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural (or waw-consecutive); Translation: “and eat”; Notes: Final step: consuming fruit of their labor.
- פִרְיָֽם (firyam) – Root: פרי; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3mp suffix; Translation: “their fruit”; Notes: Refers to the produce of the vineyards.