וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ הָֽרָעֹ֔ות אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה מֵרֹ֑עַ כִּי־כֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כֵּ֣ן אֶ֠תֵּן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֤ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו֙ וְאֵ֣ת שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
‘And like the bad figs which cannot be eaten from badness’—surely thus said YHWH—‘so I will give Tsidqiyyahu king of Yehuda, and his princes, and the remnant of Yerushalayim who remain in this land, and those dwelling in the land of Mitsrayim.
Morphology
- וְכַתְּאֵנִים (ve-ka-teʾenim) – Root: תאן; Form: Conjunction + preposition כ־ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and like the figs”; Notes: Sets up simile for comparison.
- הָרָעֹות (ha-raʿot) – Root: רעע; Form: Adjective feminine plural definite; Translation: “the bad [ones]”; Notes: Specifies the type of figs.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause modifying “figs.”
- לֹא־תֵאָכַלְנָה (lo-teʾakhelnah) – Root: אכל; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “they cannot be eaten”; Notes: Refers to total inedibility of the figs.
- מֵרֹעַ (me-roaʿ) – Root: רעע; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from badness”; Notes: Explains the reason they are inedible.
- כִּי־כֹה (ki-koh) – Root: כי / כה; Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “surely thus”; Notes: Strong prophetic declaration formula.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Introduces direct divine speech.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the oracle.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: כן; Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Introduces the result or comparison to the figs.
- אֶתֵּן (etten) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will give”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s act of delivering them to judgment.
- אֶת־צִדְקִיָּהוּ (et-Tsidqiyyahu) – Root: צדק; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Tsidqiyyahu”; Notes: The final king of Yehudah before exile.
- מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה (melekh-Yehudah) – Root: מלך / יהודה; Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Title of Tsidqiyyahu.
- וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו (ve-et-sarav) – Root: שרר; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his princes”; Notes: Refers to his court officials.
- וְאֵת (ve-et) – Root: את; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues the object list.
- שְׁאֵרִית (sheʾerit) – Root: שאר; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “remnant of”; Notes: Survivors or those remaining after exile.
- יְרוּשָׁלִַם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלם; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: City of YHWH’s temple.
- הַנִּשְׁאָרִים (ha-nishʾarim) – Root: שאר; Form: Nifal participle masculine plural definite; Translation: “who remain”; Notes: Survivors not exiled.
- בָּאָרֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yehudah.
- הַזֹּאת (ha-zot) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Qualifies the land.
- וְהַיֹּשְׁבִים (ve-ha-yoshvim) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Conjunction + definite participle masculine plural; Translation: “and those dwelling”; Notes: Another group subject to judgment.
- בְּאֶרֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land of”; Notes: Precedes specific location.
- מִצְרָיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Egypt, symbolic of exile and disobedience.