וְיִהְיוּ כָל־הָאֲנָשִׁים אֲשֶׁר־שָׂמוּ אֶת־פְּנֵיהֶם לָבֹוא מִצְרַיִם לָגוּר שָׁם יָמֻתוּ בַּחֶרֶב בָּרָעָב וּבַדָּבֶר וְלֹא־יִהְיֶה לָהֶם שָׂרִיד וּפָלִיט מִפְּנֵי הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי מֵבִיא עֲלֵיהֶם׃ ס
And it shall be, all the men who have set their faces to go to Mitsrayim to sojourn there, shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence; and there shall not be for them a survivor or an escapee from before the evil that I am bringing upon them.’
Morphology
- וְיִהְיוּ (ve-yihyu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be”; Notes: Introduces the fate of the group.
- כָל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Governs “the men.”
- הָאֲנָשִׁים (ha-anashim) – Root: אנשׁ (ʾanash); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the men”; Notes: Those making the decision to go to Egypt.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- שָׂמוּ (samu) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they set”; Notes: Refers to determination or resolve.
- אֶת (ʾet) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marks object)”; Notes: Marks “faces” as object of “set.”
- פְּנֵיהֶם (peneihem) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their faces”; Notes: Idiom for intent or determination.
- לָבֹוא (la-vo) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Indicates purpose.
- מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- לָגוּר (la-gur) – Root: גור (gur); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to sojourn”; Notes: Temporary settlement or residence.
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Emphasizes location.
- יָמֻתוּ (yamutu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall die”; Notes: Judgment pronounced on those going to Egypt.
- בַּחֶרֶב (ba-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Refers to war and violence.
- בָּרָעָב (ba-raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the famine”; Notes: Refers to hunger and scarcity.
- וּבַדָּבֶר (u-va-daver) – Root: דבר (dever); Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and by the pestilence”; Notes: Refers to plague or epidemic.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces denial of survivors.
- יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “there shall be”; Notes: Expresses non-existence of survivors.
- לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “for them”; Notes: Dative of possession.
- שָׂרִיד (sarid) – Root: שרד (sarad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “survivor”; Notes: One who remains alive.
- וּפָלִיט (u-falit) – Root: פלט (palat); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “or escapee”; Notes: One who escapes destruction.
- מִפְּנֵי (mi-penei) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition + plural construct noun; Translation: “from before”; Notes: Expresses source or cause.
- הָרָעָה (ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the evil/disaster”; Notes: Refers to calamity of divine judgment.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that/which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: Independent pronoun; Form: 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers explicitly to YHWH as the actor.
- מֵבִיא (meviʾ) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “am bringing”; Notes: Ongoing, imminent action by YHWH.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Marks target of divine action.