חַי־אָ֨נִי֙ נְאֻם־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֹ֖ות שְׁמֹ֑ו כִּ֚י כְּתָבֹ֣ור בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וּכְכַרְמֶ֖ל בַּיָּ֥ם יָבֹֽוא׃
“As I live,” declares the King, YHWH of Hosts is his name, “for like Tavor among the mountains and like Karmel by the sea, so shall he come.
Morphology
- חַי (ḥay) – Root: חי; Form: Adjective masculine singular absolute; Translation: “living”; Notes: Used idiomatically in oaths, “as I live.”
- אָ֨נִי (ʾani) – Root: Pronoun; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Subject of the oath.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “utterance / declaration of”; Notes: Technical prophetic formula.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the King”; Notes: Title of YHWH as sovereign ruler.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of Israel’s God.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Title emphasizing YHWH’s command over heavenly and earthly armies.
- שְׁמֹו (shemo) – Root: שם; Form: Noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “his name”; Notes: Appositional phrase to YHWH Tsevaʾot.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
- כְּתָבֹור (ke-Tavor) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper place name; Translation: “like Tavor”; Notes: Mountain in Galilee, symbolic of prominence.
- בֶּהָרִים (be-harim) – Root: הר; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the mountains”; Notes: Locative phrase describing Tavor’s setting.
- וּכְכַרְמֶל (u-ke-Karmel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper place name; Translation: “and like Karmel”; Notes: Mountain ridge near the sea, noted for grandeur.
- בַּיָּם (ba-yam) – Root: ים; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the sea”; Notes: Refers to the Mediterranean coast beside Mount Karmel.
- יָבֹוא (yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall come”; Notes: Refers to the certainty of YHWH’s decree of arrival/judgment.