וְנִחֲמ֣וּ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־תִרְא֥וּ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֖ם וְאֶת־עֲלִֽילֹותָ֑ם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּי֩ לֹ֨א חִנָּ֤ם עָשִׂ֨יתִי֙ אֵ֣ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֣יתִי בָ֔הּ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה׃ פ
And they shall comfort you when you see their way and their deeds, and you shall know that not without cause I have done all that I have done in her,” declares the Lord YHWH.
Morphology
- וְנִחֲמוּ (ve-niḥamu) – Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall comfort”; Notes: Expresses consolation through the witness of survivors.
- אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Marks the object of the comfort.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Introduces the condition under which comfort is given.
- תִרְאוּ (tirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you see”; Notes: Refers to perception of survivors’ behavior.
- אֶת־דַּרְכָּם (et-darkam) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their way”; Notes: Refers to lifestyle or conduct.
- וְאֶת־עֲלִילוֹתָם (ve-et-ʿalilotam) – Root: עלל (ʿalal); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their deeds”; Notes: Refers to actions or practices, often with moral implications.
- וִידַעְתֶּם (vi-yedaʿtem) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive; Translation: “and you shall know”; Notes: Signifies recognition of divine justice.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a causal or explanatory clause.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the idea of arbitrariness.
- חִנָּם (ḥinnam) – Root: חנם (ḥinnam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “without cause”; Notes: Indicates gratuitousness or lack of reason—denied here.
- עָשִׂיתִי (ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have done”; Notes: Divine agency in judgment.
- אֵת (et) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [no translation]; Notes: Marks the object of the verb.
- כָּל־אֲשֶׁר (kol-ʾasher) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + relative pronoun; Translation: “all that”; Notes: Emphasizes completeness.
- עָשִׂיתִי (ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have done”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of God’s deeds.
- בָּהּ (bah) – Root: ב (be); Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “in her”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim.
- נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “declaration”; Notes: Prophetic formula affirming the divine word.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Plural of majesty with suffix; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Honorific title.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (hawah); Form: Proper noun, Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.