לֹא־חָ֨סָה עָלַ֜יִךְ עַ֗יִן לַעֲשֹׂ֥ות לָ֛ךְ אַחַ֥ת מֵאֵ֖לֶּה לְחֻמְלָ֣ה עָלָ֑יִךְ וַֽתֻּשְׁלְכִ֞י אֶל־פְּנֵ֤י הַשָּׂדֶה֙ בְּגֹ֣עַל נַפְשֵׁ֔ךְ בְּיֹ֖ום הֻלֶּ֥דֶת אֹתָֽךְ׃
No eye pitied you to do for you one of these things, to have compassion upon you, but you were cast out into the open field in loathing of your soul, on the day you were born.
Morphology
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Denies pity or action.
חָסָה (ḥasah) – Root: חוס (ḥus); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “pitied”; Notes: Describes the absence of compassion.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Refers to the addressee, Yerushalayim.
- עַיִן (ʿayin) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “eye”; Notes: Symbol of perception, here representing compassion.
- לַעֲשֹׂות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Expresses purpose of pity.
- לָךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Direct object of benefaction.
- אַחַת (aḥat) – Root: אחד (ʾeḥad); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “one”; Notes: Refers to one of the acts of care mentioned earlier.
- מֵאֵלֶּה (me-elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Preposition + demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “of these”; Notes: Refers back to the acts of care (cutting, washing, salting, swaddling).
- לְחֻמְלָה (le-ḥumlah) – Root: חמל (ḥamal); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “for compassion”; Notes: Expresses purpose or reason.
- עָלָיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis of neglect.
- וַתֻּשְׁלְכִי (va-tushelkhi) – Root: שלך (shalakh); Form: Hophal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “but you were cast out”; Notes: Passive form, highlighting rejection.
- אֶל־פְּנֵי (el-penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “into the face of”; Notes: Idiomatic for “out into” or “upon.”
- הַשָּׂדֶה (ha-sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (sadeh); Form: Definite article + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the field”; Notes: Symbolizes exposure and abandonment.
- בְּגֹעַל (be-goʿal) – Root: געל (gaʿal); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in loathing”; Notes: Refers to abhorrence or revulsion.
- נַפְשֵׁךְ (nafshēkh) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your soul”; Notes: Expresses inner being or self, here despised.
- בְּיֹום (be-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Temporal marker.
- הֻלֶּדֶת (hulledet) – Root: ילד (yalad); Form: Hophal infinitive construct; Translation: “you were born”; Notes: Passive, emphasizes the condition at birth.
- אֹתָךְ (otakh) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Marks the one abandoned at birth.