וְרָאוּ֙ כָּל־בָּשָׂ֔ר כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בִּֽעַרְתִּ֑יהָ לֹ֖א תִּכְבֶּֽה׃
And all flesh shall see that I am YHWH, I have kindled it; it shall not be quenched.”’”
Morphology
- וְרָאוּ (ve-raʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and they shall see”; Notes: Introduces the universal perception of YHWH’s action.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Functions distributively.
- בָּשָׂר (basar) – Root: בשר (basar); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “flesh”; Notes: Refers collectively to humanity.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a clause giving the reason or content of perception.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אני (ʾani); Form: Independent pronoun, 1st person common singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s self-identification.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun, Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name, declaring divine identity.
- בִּעַרְתִּיהָ (biʿartihah) – Root: בער (baʿar); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix; Translation: “I have kindled it”; Notes: Refers to the fire mentioned previously, with emphasis on YHWH as agent.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- תִּכְבֶּה (tikhbeh) – Root: כבה (kabah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it shall be quenched”; Notes: Feminine subject refers back to the fire; expresses enduring, unstoppable judgment.