אֱמֹ֣ר לְבֵ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מְחַלֵּ֤ל אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי֙ גְּאֹ֣ון עֻזְּכֶ֔ם מַחְמַ֥ד עֵֽינֵיכֶ֖ם וּמַחְמַ֣ל נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וּבְנֵיכֶ֧ם וּבְנֹֽותֵיכֶ֛ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲזַבְתֶּ֖ם בַּחֶ֥רֶב יִפֹּֽלוּ׃
Say to the house of Yisraʾel, “Thus says the Lord YHWH: Behold, I am profaning My sanctuary, the pride of your strength, the delight of your eyes, and the longing of your soul, and your sons and your daughters whom you have left behind shall fall by the sword.”
Morphology
- אֱמֹר (ʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Say”; Notes: Direct command to the prophet.
- לְבֵית (le-beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “to the house of”; Notes: Refers to the people collectively as the “house of Yisraʾel.”
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people addressed.
- כֹּה־אָמַר (koh-amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Adverb כֹּה “thus” + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Thus says”; Notes: Standard prophetic formula.
- אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדון (ʾadon); Form: Divine title; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: הן (hen); Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Marks certainty of divine action.
- מְחַלֵּל (meḥallel) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “am profaning”; Notes: Denotes desecration, making common or defiled.
- אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי (et-miqdashi) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My sanctuary”; Notes: Refers to the temple in Yerushalayim.
- גְּאֹון (geʾon) – Root: גאון (geʾon); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “pride”; Notes: Symbol of glory or exaltation.
- עֻזְּכֶם (uzzekhem) – Root: עזז (ʿazaz); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of your strength”; Notes: The temple as a symbol of strength for the nation.
- מַחְמַד (maḥmad) – Root: חמד (ḥamad); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “delight”; Notes: That which is most precious.
- עֵינֵיכֶם (ʿeineikhem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun dual construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of your eyes”; Notes: Idiomatically, the most cherished possession.
- וּמַחְמַל (u-maḥmal) – Root: חמל (ḥamal); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute with prefixed ו; Translation: “and the longing”; Notes: Refers to compassion or deep desire of the soul.
- נַפְשְׁכֶם (nafshekhem) – Root: נפשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of your soul”; Notes: Refers to the innermost being, emotional attachment.
- וּבְנֵיכֶם (u-venekhem) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix with prefixed ו; Translation: “and your sons”; Notes: Members of their household.
- וּבְנֹותֵיכֶם (u-venotekhem) – Root: בת (bat); Form: Noun feminine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix with prefixed ו; Translation: “and your daughters”; Notes: Completes the picture of total loss.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Form: Relative particle; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- עֲזַבְתֶּם (ʿazavtem) – Root: עזב (ʿazav); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have left behind”; Notes: Indicates abandonment or being forced to leave.
- בַּחֶרֶב (ba-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Instrument of death and destruction.
- יִפֹּלוּ (yippolu) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall fall”; Notes: Refers to violent death in battle or invasion.