וְהֹורַדְתִּיךְ֩ אֶת־יֹ֨ורְדֵי בֹ֜ור אֶל־עַ֣ם עֹולָ֗ם וְ֠הֹושַׁבְתִּיךְ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ תַּחְתִּיֹּ֜ות כָּחֳרָבֹ֤ות מֵֽעֹולָם֙ אֶת־יֹ֣ורְדֵי בֹ֔ור לְמַ֖עַן לֹ֣א תֵשֵׁ֑בִי וְנָתַתִּ֥י צְבִ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃
And I will bring you down with those who go down to the pit, to the people of old, and I will make you dwell in the land of the depths, like ancient ruins, with those who go down to the pit, so that you will not dwell, but I will set beauty in the land of the living.
Morphology
- וְהֹורַדְתִּיךְ (ve-horadtikh) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person common singular + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and I will bring you down”; Notes: YHWH as subject, Tyre as direct object.
- אֶת־יֹורְדֵי (et-yordei) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Direct object marker + Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who go down”; Notes: Refers to the dead descending to Sheol.
- בֹור (bor) – Root: בור (bor); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “pit”; Notes: Metaphor for Sheol, the realm of the dead.
- אֶל־עַם (el-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “to a people”; Notes: Refers to the community of the dead.
- עֹולָם (ʿolam) – Root: עלם (ʿalam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “of old / everlasting”; Notes: Indicates antiquity or eternity, here “people of old.”
- וְהֹושַׁבְתִּיךְ (ve-hoshavtikh) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person common singular + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and I will make you dwell”; Notes: Causative, forcing Tyre into Sheol-like dwelling.
- בְּאֶרֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to realm of the dead.
- תַּחְתִּיֹּות (taḥtiyyot) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Noun feminine plural absolute; Translation: “depths / lowest places”; Notes: Symbolizes the underworld.
- כָּחֳרָבֹות (ka-ḥoravot) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine plural absolute; Translation: “like ruins”; Notes: Compares Tyre’s fate to ancient desolations.
- מֵעֹולָם (me-ʿolam) – Root: עלם (ʿalam); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “from of old”; Notes: Refers to long past or eternity.
- אֶת־יֹורְדֵי (et-yordei) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Direct object marker + Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who go down”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis on descent to Sheol.
- בֹור (bor) – Root: בור (bor); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “pit”; Notes: Again referring to the realm of the dead.
- לְמַעַן (le-maʿan) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Introduces purpose clause.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: —; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- תֵשֵׁבִי (teshevi) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you will dwell”; Notes: Refers to Tyre never dwelling again as a city.
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “but I will set / give”; Notes: Transition to promise of restoration elsewhere.
- צְבִי (tsevi) – Root: צבי (tsevi); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “beauty / glory”; Notes: Symbol of splendor YHWH establishes in contrast.
- בְּאֶרֶץ (be-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Setting for restoration.
- חַיִּים (ḥayyim) – Root: חי (ḥay); Form: Noun masculine plural (dual form used as abstract plural); Translation: “of the living”; Notes: Contrast to Sheol, represents the realm of the living.