וְהִרְבֵּיתִי֙ אֶת־פְּרִ֣י הָעֵ֔ץ וּתְנוּבַ֖ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה לְמַ֗עַן אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹ֣א תִקְח֥וּ עֹ֛וד חֶרְפַּ֥ת רָעָ֖ב בַּגֹּויִֽם׃
And I will multiply the fruit of the tree and the yield of the field, so that you shall no longer bear the reproach of famine among the nations.
Morphology
- וְהִרְבֵּיתִי (ve-hirbeiti) – Root: רבה (ravah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “And I will multiply”; Notes: Causative form—YHWH ensures agricultural abundance, signaling restoration and blessing.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Introduces the direct object of the verb “multiply.”
- פְּרִי (peri) – Root: פרה (parah); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “fruit of”; Notes: Refers to agricultural yield or produce, often used metaphorically for prosperity.
- הָעֵץ (ha-ʿets) – Root: עץ (ʿets); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the tree”; Notes: Represents fruit-bearing trees as symbols of fertility and divine provision.
- וּתְנוּבַת (u-tenuvat) – Root: נוב (nuv); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “and the yield of”; Notes: Refers to the produce or crops of the land, paired with “fruit of the tree” to show complete agricultural renewal.
- הַשָּׂדֶה (ha-sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (sadeh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the field”; Notes: Represents cultivated land—complementary to “the tree” in expressing total fertility of the land.
- לְמַעַן (le-maʿan) – Root: מען (maʿan); Form: Preposition; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Introduces the purpose clause—YHWH’s restoration prevents future humiliation among nations.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that” or “in order that”; Notes: Connects the purpose of the preceding divine action with its intended result.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb following, indicating cessation of disgrace.
- תִקְחוּ (tikḥu) – Root: לקח (laqach); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall bear” or “you shall take upon yourselves”; Notes: Used idiomatically—“to bear reproach” as an expression of enduring shame or humiliation.
- עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “anymore” or “again”; Notes: Emphasizes permanent cessation of famine and its disgrace.
- חֶרְפַּת (ḥerpat) – Root: חרף (ḥaraf); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the reproach of”; Notes: Refers to shame or scorn, particularly from other nations during times of famine.
- רָעָב (raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “famine”; Notes: Represents deprivation or divine curse, here reversed by YHWH’s blessing of abundance.
- בַּגּוֹיִם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Refers to foreign nations; YHWH’s restoration will remove Israel’s shame before them.