וְהָיָ֣ה כָל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ חַיָּ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־יִשְׁרֹ֡ץ אֶ֣ל כָּל־אֲשֶׁר֩ יָבֹ֨וא שָׁ֤ם נַחֲלַ֨יִם֙ יִֽחְיֶ֔ה וְהָיָ֥ה הַדָּגָ֖ה רַבָּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד כִּי֩ בָ֨אוּ שָׁ֜מָּה הַמַּ֣יִם הָאֵ֗לֶּה וְיֵרָֽפְאוּ֙ וָחָ֔י כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־יָ֥בֹוא שָׁ֖מָּה הַנָּֽחַל׃
And it shall come to be that every living creature that swarms, wherever the streams shall come, shall live; and there shall be a very great multitude of fish, for these waters come there, and they shall be healed, and everything shall live wherever the river comes.
Morphology
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: הָיָה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect with waw-consecutive (converted imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it shall come to be”; Notes: Marks a prophetic future result of the vision.
- כָל־נֶפֶשׁ (kol-nefesh) – Root: נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular construct phrase with “all”; Translation: “every living creature”; Notes: Collective use for any being with life.
- חַיָּה (ḥayyah) – Root: חָיָה (ḥayah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “living creature”; Notes: Refers broadly to all aquatic and land life in the scene.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that” or “which”; Notes: Introduces a defining clause specifying the creatures that swarm.
- יִשְׁרֹץ (yishrots) – Root: שָׁרַץ (sharats); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “swarm”; Notes: Describes teeming movement typical of aquatic life.
- אֶל (ʾel) – Root: אֶל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “to” or “toward”; Notes: Indicates direction or goal of motion.
- כָל־אֲשֶׁר (kol-ʾasher) – Root: כֹּל (kol), אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher); Form: Compound construct; Translation: “wherever”; Notes: Formulates a universal conditional expression.
- יָבֹוא (yavoʾ) – Root: בּוֹא (boʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall come”; Notes: Describes the movement of the streams or waters.
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: שָׁם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Refers to the place where the waters flow.
- נַחֲלַיִם (naḥalayim) – Root: נָחַל (naḥal); Form: Noun masculine dual; Translation: “streams” or “rivers”; Notes: Dual indicates the branching or bifurcated nature of the waters.
- יִחְיֶה (yiḥyeh) – Root: חָיָה (ḥayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall live”; Notes: Expresses the life-giving power of the waters.
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: הָיָה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect with waw-consecutive (converted imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it shall come to be”; Notes: Introduces a new consequence clause.
- הַדָּגָה (ha-dagah) – Root: דָּג (dag); Form: Definite noun feminine singular collective; Translation: “the fish”; Notes: Collective for all fish life that will multiply.
- רַבָּה (rabbah) – Root: רָבָה (ravah); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Qualifies the vast number of fish to appear.
- מְאֹד (meʾod) – Root: מְאֹד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “very”; Notes: Intensifier modifying “great.”
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כִּי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces causal explanation.
- בָאוּ (baʾu) – Root: בּוֹא (boʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they came”; Notes: Refers to the arrival of the healing waters.
- שָׁמָּה (shammah) – Root: שָׁם (sham); Form: Adverb with directional ending; Translation: “there”; Notes: Indicates direction of the waters’ arrival.
- הַמַּיִם (ha-mayim) – Root: מַיִם (mayim); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the waters”; Notes: Refers to the stream flowing from the Temple.
- הָאֵלֶּה (ha-ʾelleh) – Root: אֵלֶּה (ʾelleh); Form: Definite demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Specifies the same miraculous waters previously mentioned.
- וְיֵרָפְאוּ (ve-yerāfʾu) – Root: רָפָא (raphaʾ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall be healed”; Notes: Passive form expressing the restorative effect on the waters.
- וָחָי (va-ḥay) – Root: חָיָה (ḥayah); Form: Qal perfect with waw-consecutive (converted imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and shall live”; Notes: Summarizes the result—life wherever the river flows.
- כֹּל (kol) – Root: כֹּל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “everything”; Notes: Universal quantifier covering all forms of life touched by the river.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Connects the verb clause to its antecedent “everything.”
- יָבֹוא (yavoʾ) – Root: בּוֹא (boʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall come”; Notes: Indicates direction of the river’s reach.
- שָׁמָּה (shammah) – Root: שָׁם (sham); Form: Adverb with directional ending; Translation: “there”; Notes: Specifies location where life appears.
- הַנָּחַל (ha-naḥal) – Root: נָחַל (naḥal); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the river”; Notes: The life-giving stream symbolizing divine restoration flowing from the Temple.