Amos 2:16

וְאַמִּ֥יץ לִבֹּ֖ו בַּגִּבֹּורִ֑ים עָרֹ֛ום יָנ֥וּס בַּיֹּום־הַה֖וּא נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ

And he who is courageous of heart among the mighty shall flee naked on that day,” declares YHWH.

Morphology

1. וְאַמִּ֥יץ (ve-ʾammits) – Root: אמץ; Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and he who is courageous”; Notes: Describes the bravest or most resolute warrior; even the valiant will lose composure in the face of divine judgment.
2. לִבֹּ֖ו (libbo) – Root: לבב; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “of heart”; Notes: Refers to inner courage or resolve; the phrase “courageous of heart” underscores the strength of will that will nevertheless fail.
3. בַּגִּבֹּורִ֑ים (ba-gibborim) – Root: גבר; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the mighty”; Notes: Refers to warriors or heroes; even the bravest of these will not withstand the terror of YHWH’s day.
4. עָרֹ֛ום (ʿarom) – Root: ערם; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “naked”; Notes: Symbolizes shame, humiliation, and helplessness — the stripping away of all human pride and protection.
5. יָנ֥וּס (yanus) – Root: נוס; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall flee”; Notes: Indicates rapid retreat or panic — even the strongest will run for his life.
6. בַּיֹּום־הַה֖וּא (ba-yom ha-hu) – Root: יום; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine singular + demonstrative adjective masculine singular; Translation: “on that day”; Notes: Refers to “the Day of YHWH,” the time of divine reckoning and judgment.
7. נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + divine name; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: A prophetic formula affirming the divine authority behind the pronouncement — it is not mere prediction, but YHWH’s decree.