נִשְׁבַּ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה בִּגְאֹ֣ון יַעֲקֹ֑ב אִם־אֶשְׁכַּ֥ח לָנֶ֖צַח כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂיהֶֽם׃
YHWH has sworn by the pride of Yaʿaqov, “Surely I will never forget all their deeds.
Morphology
- נִשְׁבַּע (nishbaʿ) – Root: שׁבע (shavaʿ); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has sworn”; Notes: A solemn declaration made by YHWH Himself; Nifal indicates a reflexive or passive sense—He “swore Himself.”
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel, emphasizing His authority and reliability in oath-taking.
- בִּגְאֹון (bi-geʾon) – Root: גאה (gaʾah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the pride”; Notes: The object of the divine oath—either YHWH’s own majesty or the pride of Yaʿaqov, referring to His chosen people.
- יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿaqov) – Root: עקב (ʿaqav); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Represents the patriarch Jacob, here symbolizing the nation of Yisraʾel.
- אִם (ʾim) – Root: אם (ʾim); Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “if”; Notes: Used idiomatically in oaths to express strong negation—“surely not.”
- אֶשְׁכַּח (ʾeshkaḥ) – Root: שׁכח (shakhaḥ); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will forget”; Notes: Negated by the preceding אִם to mean “I will never forget.”
- לָנֶצַח (la-netzach) – Root: נֵצַח (netzach); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Indicates permanence or eternity; emphasizes the enduring remembrance of their deeds.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Functions as a quantifier modifying “their deeds.”
- מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם (maʿaseihem) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their deeds”; Notes: Refers to the actions of injustice and oppression described in the preceding verses, which YHWH vows not to overlook.