כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה אָֽנֹכִי֙ מְצַוֶּ֔ה וַהֲנִעֹ֥ותִי בְכָֽל־הַגֹּויִ֖ם אֶת־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יִנֹּ֨ועַ֙ בַּכְּבָרָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יִפֹּ֥ול צְרֹ֖ור אָֽרֶץ׃
“For behold, I am commanding, and I will shake among all the nations the house of Yisraʾel, as grain is shaken in a sieve, and not a pebble shall fall to the earth.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the cause or basis of the coming action.
- הִנֵּ֤ה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Demonstrative particle; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the divine declaration.
- אָֽנֹכִי (ʾanokhi) – Root: אנכ (ʾanokh); Form: Independent pronoun 1cs; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun used frequently in divine speech.
- מְצַוֶּ֔ה (me-tsavveh) – Root: צוה (tsavah); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “am commanding”; Notes: Participial aspect presents the action as imminent or ongoing.
- וַהֲנִעֹ֥ותִי (va-haniʿoti) – Root: נוע (nuaʿ); Form: Conjunction וַ + Hiphil perfect 1cs; Translation: “and I will shake”; Notes: Hiphil denotes causative action initiated by YHWH.
- בְכָֽל־ (be-khol) – Root: כלל (kalal); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular in construct; Translation: “among all of”; Notes: ב emphasizes the sphere in which the shaking takes place.
- הַגֹּויִ֖ם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Indicates the foreign peoples among whom the scattering occurs.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct-object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the next noun phrase as the grammatical object.
- בֵּ֣ית (beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Construct with “Yisraʾel.”
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: שרי / ישׂר (y-s-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The object of YHWH’s shaking.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר (ka-asher) – Root: אשׁר (ʾasher); Form: Preposition כְּ + relative particle; Translation: “as when”; Notes: Introduces the metaphor of sieving.
- יִנֹּ֨ועַ (yinoʿa) – Root: נוע (nuaʿ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “it is shaken”; Notes: Nifal conveys passive/reflexive motion (grain shaken by another).
- בַּכְּבָרָ֔ה (ba-kevarah) – Root: כבר (kavar); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the sieve”; Notes: Refers to a basket or sieve used in winnowing grain.
- וְלֹֽא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יִפֹּ֥ול (yippol) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “shall fall”; Notes: Typical imperfect future action expressing certainty.
- צְרֹ֖ור (tseror) – Root: צרר (tsarar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a pebble”; Notes: Image of a small stone that should not slip through the sieve.
- אָֽרֶץ (arets) – Root: ארץ (erets); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “to the earth”; Notes: Indicates the location where a particle might fall—but none will.