עַל־זֹאת֙ אֶסְפְּדָ֣ה וְאֵילִ֔ילָה אֵילְכָ֥ה שֶׂילל וְעָרֹ֑ום אֶעֱשֶׂ֤ה מִסְפֵּד֙ כַּתַּנִּ֔ים וְאֵ֖בֶל כִּבְנֹ֥ות יַעֲנָֽה׃
Over this I shall wail and I shall howl I shall go stripped and naked I shall make lamentation like the jackals and mourning like the daughters of the ostrich.
Morphology
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “Over”; Notes: Introduces the reason for mourning.
- זֹאת (zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Refers to the judgment against Shomron.
- אֶסְפְּדָה (’espedah) – Root: ספד (safad); Form: Qal imperfect 1cs with cohortative ה; Translation: “I shall wail”; Notes: Expresses intense lamentation.
- וְאֵילִילָה (ve-’eililah) – Root: ילל (yalal); Form: Conjunction + noun; Translation: “and I shall howl”; Notes: Denotes loud, grief-filled cries.
- אֵילְכָה (’elkhah) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 1cs with cohortative ה; Translation: “I shall go”; Notes: Indicates purposeful movement in mourning ritual.
- שֶׂילל (sheilal) – Root: שׂלל (shalal); Form: Noun masculine singular functioning adverbially; Translation: “stripped”; Notes: Describes partial disrobing as part of prophetic mourning.
- וְעָרֹם (ve-’arom) – Root: ערם (ʿarum); Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and naked”; Notes: Heightens imagery of humiliation and grief.
- אֶעֱשֶׂה (’e’eseh) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1cs; Translation: “I shall make”; Notes: The prophet enacts symbolic lamentation.
- מִסְפֵּד (misped) – Root: ספד (safad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “lamentation”; Notes: Formal mourning rite.
- כַּתַּנִּים (ka-tannim) – Root: תן (tan); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “like the jackals”; Notes: Jackals known for eerie, wailing cries.
- וְאֵבֶל (ve-’evel) – Root: אבל (avel); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and mourning”; Notes: A deeper state of grief beyond lamentation.
- כִּבְנֹות (ki-vnot) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine plural construct; Translation: “like the daughters of”; Notes: Introduces a comparison of mourners.
- יַעֲנָה (yaʿanah) – Root: יען (yaʿan); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “the ostrich”; Notes: Ostriches were proverbially associated with mournful cries.