הֹ֚וי מַשְׁקֵ֣ה רֵעֵ֔הוּ מְסַפֵּ֥חַ חֲמָתְךָ֖ וְאַ֣ף שַׁכֵּ֑ר לְמַ֥עַן הַבִּ֖יט עַל־מְעֹורֵיהֶֽם׃
Woe to him who gives drink to his fellow, adding your wrath, and even making drunk, in order to look upon their nakedness.
Morphology
- הֹוי (hoi) – Root: הוי (hoi); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Woe”; Notes: Announces divine judgment.
- מַשְׁקֵה (mashqeh) – Root: שׁקה (shaqah); Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “one who gives drink”; Notes: Often implies causing someone to drink intentionally.
- רֵעֵהוּ (reʿehu) – Root: רע (reʿaʿ); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “his fellow”; Notes: Indicates a social peer or companion.
- מְסַפֵּחַ (mesappeaḥ) – Root: ספח (safaḥ); Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “adding / attaching”; Notes: Conveys intensifying or adding something harmful.
- חֲמָתְךָ (ḥamatkha) – Root: חמה (ḥemah); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 2ms; Translation: “your wrath”; Notes: Wrath accompanying the forced drinking.
- וְאַף (ve-af) – Root: אף (af); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “and even”; Notes: Adds escalation in the wrongdoing.
- שַׁכֵּר (shakker) – Root: שׁכר (shakar); Form: Piel infinitive absolute (used as participial force); Translation: “making drunk”; Notes: Intensifies the action of forced intoxication.
- לְמַעַן (le-maʿan) – Root: מען (maʿan); Form: Preposition לְ + particle; Translation: “in order to”; Notes: Expresses intended purpose.
- הַבִּיט (habbit) – Root: נבט (nabat); Form: Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “to look”; Notes: Indicates intentional, directed looking.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Marks target of the voyeuristic action.
- מְעֹורֵיהֶם (meʿorehem) – Root: עור (ʿur); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 3mp; Translation: “their nakedness”; Notes: Term indicates exposed genitalia; expresses humiliation.