יִסֹּ֨וב כָּל־הָאָ֤רֶץ כָּעֲרָבָה֙ מִגֶּ֣בַע לְרִמֹּ֔ון נֶ֖גֶב יְרֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְֽרָאֲמָה֩ וְיָשְׁבָ֨ה תַחְתֶּ֜יהָ לְמִשַּׁ֣עַר בִּנְיָמִ֗ן עַד־מְקֹ֞ום שַׁ֤עַר הָֽרִאשֹׁון֙ עַד־שַׁ֣עַר הַפִּנִּ֔ים וּמִגְדַּ֣ל חֲנַנְאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד יִקְבֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
All the land shall be turned like the Arava, from Gevaʿ to Rimmon, south of Yerushalayim. And she shall be raised and shall dwell in her place, from the Gate of Binyamin to the place of the First Gate, to the Gate of the Corners, and from the Tower of Ḥananel to the winepresses of the king.
Morphology
- יִסֹּוב (yissov) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be turned”; Notes: Describes a comprehensive transformation of the land’s topography.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Emphasizes totality without exception.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾarets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the region surrounding Yerushalayim.
- כָּעֲרָבָה (ka-ʿaravah) – Root: ערב (ʿaravah); Form: Comparative particle כְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “like the Arabah”; Notes: The Arabah denotes a flat plain, highlighting leveling.
- מִגֶּבַע (mi-Gevaʿ) – Root: גבע (Gevaʿ); Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun place name; Translation: “from Gevaʿ”; Notes: Northern boundary marker.
- לְרִמֹּון (le-Rimmon) – Root: רמן (Rimmon); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun place name; Translation: “to Rimmon”; Notes: Southern boundary marker.
- נֶגֶב (negev) – Root: נגב (negev); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “south of”; Notes: Indicates Rimmon’s position relative to Yerushalayim.
- יְרוּשָׁלִַם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירשלם (Yerushalayim); Form: Proper noun feminine singular; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The central city being elevated.
- וְרָאֲמָה (ve-raʾamah) – Root: רום (rum); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she shall be raised”; Notes: Feminine verb refers to the city personified.
- וְיָשְׁבָה (ve-yashvah) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and she shall dwell”; Notes: Conveys stability and secure habitation.
- תַחְתֶּיהָ (taḥteha) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition תַּחַת + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “in her place”; Notes: Literally “under her,” idiomatically “in her proper place.”
- לְמִשַּׁעַר (le-mishshaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the gate of”; Notes: Introduces boundary descriptions within the city.
- בִּנְיָמִן (Binyamin) – Root: ימן (Binyamin); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Binyamin”; Notes: Tribal designation tied to the city gate.
- עַד־ (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition עַד; Translation: “as far as”; Notes: Marks the extent of the boundary.
- מְקֹום (meqom) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the place of”; Notes: Specifies a particular location.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “the gate of”; Notes: Used in compound place names.
- הָרִאשֹׁון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the first”; Notes: Distinguishes this gate from others.
- עַד־ (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition עַד; Translation: “to”; Notes: Continues boundary description.
- שַׁעַר (shaʿar) – Root: שׁער (shaʿar); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “the gate of”; Notes: Another city gate.
- הַפִּנִּים (ha-pinnim) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the corners”; Notes: Refers to corner gates or extremities.
- וּמִגְדַּל (u-migdal) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “and from the tower of”; Notes: Adds another landmark.
- חֲנַנְאֵל (Ḥananel) – Root: חנן (ḥanan); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Ḥananel”; Notes: Name of a known tower in Yerushalayim.
- עַד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition עַד; Translation: “as far as”; Notes: Final boundary marker.
- יִקְבֵי (yiqvei) – Root: יקב (yeqev); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the winepresses of”; Notes: Agricultural installations associated with royal property.
- הַמֶּלֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to the royal domain marking the city’s extent.