הָֽאֹויֵ֨ב תַּ֥מּוּ חֳרָבֹ֗ות לָ֫נֶ֥צַח וְעָרִ֥ים נָתַ֑שְׁתָּ אָבַ֖ד זִכְרָ֣ם הֵֽמָּה׃
The enemy finished. Ruins forever. And cities You uprooted. Their remembrance perished they.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הָאֹויֵב | ha-ʾoyev | “the enemy” | Art + N(ms) |
| 2 | תַּמּוּ | tammu | “they finished / they ended” | Qal perf 3mp |
| 3 | חֳרָבֹות | ḥoravot | “ruins” | N(fp) |
| 4 | לָנֶצַח | la-neṣaḥ | “forever” | Prep ל + N(ms) |
| 5 | וְעָרִים | ve-ʿarim | “and cities” | Conj ו + N(fp) |
| 6 | נָתַשְׁתָּ | natashta | “You uprooted” | Qal perf 2ms |
| 7 | אָבַד | ʾavad | “perished” | Qal perf 3ms |
| 8 | זִכְרָם | zikhram | “their remembrance” | N(ms) + suff 3mp |
| 9 | הֵמָּה | hemmah | “they” | Pronoun 3mp |
Morphology
- הָאֹויֵב (ha-ʾoyev) – Root: איב (ʾ-y-b); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the enemy”; Notes: Functions collectively referring to the hostile opponent.
- תַּמּוּ (tammu) – Root: תם (t-m-m); Root Type: Geminate; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they finished / they came to an end”; Notes: Describes complete termination.
- חֳרָבֹות (ḥoravot) – Root: חרב (ḥ-r-b); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “ruins”; Notes: Refers to devastated places left after destruction.
- לָנֶצַח (la-neṣaḥ) – Root: נצח (n-ṣ-ḥ); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Indicates enduring permanence.
- וְעָרִים (ve-ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿ-i-r); Root Type: I-Guttural (ע) (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “and cities”; Notes: Introduces another object of destruction.
- נָתַשְׁתָּ (natashta) – Root: נתשׁ (n-t-š); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You uprooted”; Notes: A verb often used for tearing down cities or removing something violently.
- אָבַד (ʾavad) – Root: אבד (ʾ-v-d); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “perished”; Notes: Indicates disappearance or destruction.
- זִכְרָם (zikhram) – Root: זכר (z-k-r); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their remembrance”; Notes: Refers to memory reputation or legacy.
- הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun reinforcing the subject.