מִ֥י יִתֵּ֣ן מִצִּיֹּון֮ יְשׁוּעַ֪ת יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל בְּשׁ֣וּב יְ֭הוָה שְׁב֣וּת עַמֹּ֑ו יָגֵ֥ל יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב יִשְׂמַ֥ח יִשְׂרָֽאֵל׃
Who will give from Tsiyyon the salvation of Yisraʾel? When YHWH restores the captivity of His people, Yaʿaqov will rejoice, Yisraʾel will be glad.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | מִ֥י | mi | “who” | Interrogative pronoun |
| 2 | יִתֵּ֣ן | yitten | “will give” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 3 | מִצִּיֹּון֮ | mi-tsiyyon | “from Tsiyyon” | Prep מִן + Proper noun |
| 4 | יְשׁוּעַ֪ת | yeshuʿat | “salvation of” | N(fs) construct |
| 5 | יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל | Yisraʾel | “Yisraʾel” | Proper noun |
| 6 | בְּשׁ֣וּב | be-shuv | “when returning” | Prep בְּ + Qal infinitive construct |
| 7 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper noun |
| 8 | שְׁב֣וּת | shevut | “captivity of” | N(fs) construct |
| 9 | עַמֹּ֑ו | ʿammo | “his people” | N(ms) + suff 3ms |
| 10 | יָגֵ֥ל | yagel | “will rejoice” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 11 | יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב | Yaʿaqov | “Yaʿaqov” | Proper noun |
| 12 | יִשְׂמַ֥ח | yismaḥ | “will be glad” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 13 | יִשְׂרָֽאֵל׃ | Yisraʾel | “Yisraʾel” | Proper noun |
Morphology
- מִ֥י (mi) – Root: none (interrogative); Root Type: Indeclinable; Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical wish or longing.
- יִתֵּ֣ן (yitten) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Root Type: I-Nun; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will give”; Notes: Used idiomatically in Hebrew to express a wish: “Who will give…?” meaning “Oh that…”.
- מִצִּיֹּון֮ (mi-tsiyyon) – Root: ציון (ṣ-y-w-n); Root Type: II-Waw; Form: Preposition מִן + proper noun; Translation: “from Tsiyyon”; Notes: Tsiyyon represents the divine center from which salvation comes.
- יְשׁוּעַ֪ת (yeshuʿat) – Root: ישע (y-sh-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural (ע); Form: Noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “salvation of”; Notes: The construct links the salvation directly with Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (y-ś-r-ʾ-l); Root Type: Proper noun; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people.
- בְּשׁ֣וּב (be-shuv) – Root: שׁוב (sh-w-v); Root Type: Hollow (II-Waw); Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition בְּ + infinitive construct; Translation: “when returning”; Notes: Introduces the temporal clause describing restoration.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: traditionally associated with הוה (h-w-h); Root Type: III-He; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- שְׁב֣וּת (shevut) – Root: שבה (sh-b-h); Root Type: III-He; Form: Noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “captivity of”; Notes: Often used idiomatically for restoration of fortunes.
- עַמֹּ֑ו (ʿammo) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his people”; Notes: Refers to the people belonging to YHWH.
- יָגֵ֥ל (yagel) – Root: גיל (g-y-l); Root Type: Hollow (II-Yod); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will rejoice”; Notes: Expresses joyful exultation.
- יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב (Yaʿaqov) – Root: יעקב (y-ʿ-q-v); Root Type: Proper noun; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Another name for the covenant nation.
- יִשְׂמַ֥ח (yismaḥ) – Root: שׂמח (ś-m-ḥ); Root Type: II-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will be glad”; Notes: Describes joyful gladness following deliverance.
- יִשְׂרָֽאֵל׃ (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (y-ś-r-ʾ-l); Root Type: Proper noun; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people who experience the joy of restoration.