כַּסְפֹּ֤ו לֹא־נָתַ֣ן בְּנֶשֶׁךְ֮ וְשֹׁ֥חַד עַל־נָקִ֗י לֹ֥א לָ֫קָ֥ח עֹֽשֵׂה־אֵ֑לֶּה לֹ֖א יִמֹּ֣וט לְעֹולָֽם׃
His silver he has not given with interest, and a bribe against the innocent he has not taken. One doing these things shall not be shaken forever.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כַּסְפֹּו | kaspo | “his silver” | N(ms) + suff 3ms |
| 2 | לֹא | lo | “not” | Negation particle |
| 3 | נָתַן | natan | “he gave” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 4 | בְּנֶשֶׁךְ | be-neshekh | “with interest” | Prep ב + N(ms) |
| 5 | וְשֹׁחַד | ve-shoḥad | “and a bribe” | Conj ו + N(ms) |
| 6 | עַל־נָקִי | ʿal-naqi | “against the innocent” | Prep עַל + Adj ms |
| 7 | לֹא | lo | “not” | Negation particle |
| 8 | לָקָח | laqakh | “he took” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 9 | עֹשֵׂה | ʿoseh | “one doing” | Qal participle ms |
| 10 | אֵלֶּה | ʾelleh | “these” | Demonstrative pronoun mp |
| 11 | לֹא | lo | “not” | Negation particle |
| 12 | יִמֹּוט | yimmot | “he shall be shaken” | Nifal imperfect 3ms |
| 13 | לְעֹולָם | le-ʿolam | “forever” | Prep לְ + N(ms) |
Morphology
- כַּסְפֹּו (kaspo) – Root: כסף (kesef); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his silver”; Notes: Refers to personal money or wealth, often used in economic or legal contexts.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- נָתַן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has given”; Notes: Describes lending or giving money.
- בְּנֶשֶׁךְ (be-neshekh) – Root: נשׁך (nashakh); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with interest”; Notes: Literally “a bite,” referring metaphorically to interest charged on a loan.
- וְשֹׁחַד (ve-shoḥad) – Root: שׁחד (shoḥad); Root Type: Strong; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a bribe”; Notes: Refers to corrupt payment intended to influence judgment.
- עַל־נָקִי (ʿal-naqi) – Root: נקה (naqah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Form: Preposition עַל + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “against the innocent”; Notes: Describes injustice committed toward someone who is guiltless.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Continues the ethical prohibitions in the verse.
- לָקָח (laqakh) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has taken”; Notes: Refers to accepting a bribe or corrupt payment.
- עֹשֵׂה (ʿoseh) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Qal active participle masculine singular; Translation: “one doing”; Notes: Introduces the general principle applying to anyone who practices these traits.
- אֵלֶּה (ʾelleh) – Root: Demonstrative; Root Type: Pronoun; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers back to the ethical qualities listed in the psalm.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא; Root Type: Particle; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יִמֹּוט (yimmot) – Root: מוט (mot); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Binyan: Nifal; Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall be shaken”; Notes: Expresses instability or collapse; the righteous person will remain secure.
- לְעֹולָם (le-ʿolam) – Root: עלם (ʿalam); Root Type: I-Guttural (ע); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “forever”; Notes: Indicates permanence or enduring stability.