תְּשִׁיבֵ֣נוּ אָ֭חֹור מִנִּי־צָ֑ר וּ֝מְשַׂנְאֵ֗ינוּ שָׁ֣סוּ לָֽמֹו׃
You cause us to turn back from the adversary, and those who hate us have plundered for themselves.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | תְּשִׁיבֵנוּ | teshivenu | “You cause us to turn back” | Hiphil imperfect 2ms + suff 1cp |
| 2 | אָחוֹר | ʾaḥor | “back” | Adverb |
| 3 | מִנִּי־צָר | minni-tsar | “from the adversary” | Prep מִן + N(ms) |
| 4 | וּמְשַׂנְאֵינוּ | u-mesaneinu | “and those who hate us” | Conj וְ + Piel participle mp + suff 1cp |
| 5 | שָׁסוּ | shasu | “they have plundered” | Qal perfect 3mp |
| 6 | לָמוֹ | lamo | “for themselves” | Prep לְ + suff 3mp |
Morphology
- תְּשִׁיבֵנוּ (teshivenu) – Root: שׁוב (sh-w-v); Root Type: Hollow; Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + suffix 1st person common plural; Translation: “You cause us to turn back”; Notes: Expresses causative retreat imposed by God.
- אָחוֹר (ʾaḥor) – Root: אחר (ʾ-ḥ-r); Root Type: I-Guttural (א); Form: Adverb; Translation: “back”; Notes: Indicates direction of retreat.
- מִנִּי־צָר (minni-tsar) – Root: צרר (ṣ-r-r) / צר (ṣar); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the adversary”; Notes: Indicates separation away from the enemy; the doubled נ reflects assimilation.
- וּמְשַׂנְאֵינוּ (u-mesaneinu) – Root: שׂנא (ś-n-ʾ); Root Type: III-Aleph; Binyan: Piel; Form: Conjunction וְ + participle masculine plural + suffix 1st person common plural; Translation: “and those who hate us”; Notes: Describes persistent enemies characterized by hatred.
- שָׁסוּ (shasu) – Root: שׁסה (sh-s-h); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have plundered”; Notes: Indicates the enemies’ successful looting.
- לָמוֹ (lamo) – Root: ל (l); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for themselves”; Notes: Emphasizes that the enemies take spoils for their own benefit.