Amos 4:2

נִשְׁבַּ֨ע אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ בְּקָדְשֹׁ֔ו כִּ֛י הִנֵּ֥ה יָמִ֖ים בָּאִ֣ים עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וְנִשָּׂ֤א אֶתְכֶם֙ בְּצִנֹּ֔ות וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶ֖ן בְּסִירֹ֥ות דּוּגָֽה׃

The Lord YHWH has sworn by His holiness: “Behold, days are coming upon you, when they shall take you away with hooks, and your remnant with fishpots.

Morphology

1. נִשְׁבַּ֨ע (nishbaʿ) – Root: שׁבע (shavaʿ); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has sworn”; Notes: Niphal form denotes a solemn self-oath; YHWH’s declaration of certain judgment.
2. אֲדֹנָ֤י (Adonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural with singular meaning; Translation: “the Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty, denoting rulership and authority.
3. יְהוִה֙ (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of the God of Yisraʾel, underscoring divine authority and holiness.
4. בְּקָדְשֹׁ֔ו (be-qodsho) – Root: קדשׁ (qadash); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “by His holiness”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s self-binding oath based on His own holy nature—an unchangeable standard of truth.
5. כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for” or “surely”; Notes: Introduces the content of the divine oath and impending judgment.
6. הִנֵּ֥ה (hinneh) – Root: —; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the certainty and immediacy of what follows.
7. יָמִ֖ים (yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “days”; Notes: Refers to appointed times of divine visitation or judgment.
8. בָּאִ֣ים (baʾim) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are coming”; Notes: Denotes the imminent arrival of the prophesied calamity.
9. עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם (ʿaleikhem) – Root: —; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Directs the coming judgment specifically toward the addressed audience (the wealthy women of Shomeron).
10. וְנִשָּׂ֤א (ve-nissa) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular (used impersonally); Translation: “and they shall take away”; Notes: Passive form—refers to deportation or violent removal by foreign invaders.
11. אֶתְכֶם֙ (etkhem) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Marks the direct object of the verb “shall take away.”
12. בְּצִנֹּ֔ות (be-tsinnot) – Root: צנה (tsinah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “with hooks”; Notes: Possibly referring to large hooks used by conquerors to lead captives, a symbol of humiliation.
13. וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶ֖ן (ve-aḥariteikhen) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular construct + suffix 2nd person feminine plural; Translation: “and your remnant”; Notes: Refers to the survivors or end portion of the group—those left after the initial destruction.
14. בְּסִירֹ֥ות (be-sirot) – Root: סיר (sir); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “in pots”; Notes: Figurative of captivity—possibly large cauldrons or baskets used to carry fish, denoting humiliation of deportation.
15. דּוּגָֽה׃ (dugah) – Root: דוג (dug); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “of fish” or “fishpots”; Notes: Related to “fish-catching”; signifies the disgraceful means by which the women of luxury will be dragged away—like fish caught from a net.