אָנָ֣ה אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים אַחֵינוּ֩ הֵמַ֨סּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר עַ֣ם גָּדֹ֤ול וָרָם֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עָרִ֛ים גְּדֹלֹ֥ת וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָקִ֖ים רָאִ֥ינוּ שָֽׁם׃
Where can we go up? Our brothers have made our hearts melt, saying: “A people greater and taller than we, cities great and fortified up to the heavens, and even the sons of the ʿAnaqim we have seen there.”’
Morphology
- אָנָ֣ה (ʾanah) – Root: אן (ʾn); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Where”; Notes: Indicates a question of direction or destination.
- אֲנַ֣חְנוּ (ʾanaḥnu) – Root: אנח (ʾnḥ); Form: Pronoun, 1st person plural; Translation: “we”; Notes: Subject pronoun.
- עֹלִ֗ים (ʿolim) – Root: עלה (ʿlh); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are going up”; Notes: Indicates continuous action.
- אַחֵינוּ֩ (ʾaḥeinu) – Root: אח (ʾḥ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “our brothers”; Notes: Refers to fellow Israelites.
- הֵמַ֨סּוּ (hemassu) – Root: מסס (mss); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “have made melt”; Notes: Indicates discouragement or fear.
- אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ (ʾet-levaveinu) – Root: לבב (lbb); Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “our hearts”; Notes: Refers to courage or resolve.
- לֵאמֹ֗ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces reported speech.
- עַ֣ם (ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿm); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a people”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of the land.
- גָּדֹ֤ול (gadol) – Root: גדל (gdl); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the people’s stature.
- וָרָם֙ (varam) – Root: רום (rm); Form: Conjunction + adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “and tall”; Notes: Further emphasizes their physical size.
- מִמֶּ֔נּוּ (mimmenunu) – Root: מן (mn); Form: Preposition + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “than us”; Notes: Comparative phrase.
- עָרִ֛ים (ʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿyr); Form: Noun, feminine plural; Translation: “cities”; Notes: Refers to fortified settlements.
- גְּדֹלֹ֥ת (gedolot) – Root: גדל (gdl); Form: Adjective, feminine plural; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the cities’ size.
- וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת (u’vetsurot) – Root: בצר (bṣr); Form: Conjunction + participle feminine plural; Translation: “and fortified”; Notes: Indicates defensive strength.
- בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם (ba’shamayim) – Root: שמים (šmym); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “in the heavens”; Notes: Hyperbolic expression of height.
- וְגַם (ve’gam) – Root: גם (gm); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and also”; Notes: Introduces additional information.
- בְּנֵ֥י (bene) – Root: בן (bn); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “sons of”; Notes: Refers to descendants.
- עֲנָקִ֖ים (ʿanaqim) – Root: ענק (ʿnq); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “ʿAnakim”; Notes: Refers to a race of giants.
- רָאִ֥ינוּ (raʾinu) – Root: ראה (rʾh); Form: Qal perfect 1st person plural; Translation: “we saw”; Notes: Indicates firsthand observation.
- שָֽׁם׃ (sham) – Root: שם (šm); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Refers to the observed location.