אָר֗וּר שֹׁכֵב֙ עִם־אֲחֹתֹ֔ו בַּת־אָבִ֖יו אֹ֣ו בַת־אִמֹּ֑ו וְאָמַ֥ר כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אָמֵֽן׃ ס
‘Cursed is the one who lies with his sister, the daughter of his father or the daughter of his mother.’ And all the people shall say, ‘Amen.’
Morphology
- אָר֗וּר (arur) – Root: ארר (ʾarar); Form: Qal passive participle, masculine singular; Translation: “Cursed”; Notes: Declares a curse on the person committing the following act.
- שֹׁכֵב֙ (shokhev) – Root: שׁכב (shakhav); Form: Qal participle, masculine singular; Translation: “who lies”; Notes: Refers to engaging in sexual relations.
- עִם־אֲחֹתֹ֔ו (ʿim-ʾakhoto) – Root: עם (ʿim), אחות (ʾakhot); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with his sister”; Notes: Refers to incestuous relations with a sibling.
- בַּת־אָבִ֖יו (bat-aviv) – Root: בת (bat), אב (av); Form: Noun construct chain; Translation: “the daughter of his father”; Notes: Specifies paternal lineage.
- אֹ֣ו (o) – Root: או (o); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “or”; Notes: Offers an alternative within the statement.
- בַת־אִמֹּ֑ו (bat-immo) – Root: בת (bat), אם (ʾem); Form: Noun construct chain with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “the daughter of his mother”; Notes: Specifies maternal lineage.
- וְאָמַ֥ר (ve-ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And shall say”; Notes: Introduces the communal affirmation.
- כָל־הָעָ֖ם (kol-ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: Refers to the collective agreement of the community.
- אָמֵֽן׃ (amen) – Root: אמן (ʾaman); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Amen”; Notes: Expression of strong agreement and affirmation of the curse.
- ס (samekh) – Form: Paragraph division symbol in the Masoretic text; Notes: Indicates a pause or section break in the text.