Deuteronomy 32:15

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ וַיִּבְעָ֔ט שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ אֱלֹ֣והַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל צ֥וּר יְשֻׁעָתֹֽו׃

And Yeshurun grew fat and kicked; you grew fat, you grew thick, you became covered with fat. Then he forsook God who made him and despised the Rock of his salvation.

Morphology

1. וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן (vayyishman) – Root: שׁמן (sh-m-n); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he grew fat”; Notes: Symbolic of prosperity leading to complacency.
2. יְשֻׁרוּן֙ (Yeshurun) – Root: ישר (y-sh-r); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yeshurun” (a poetic name for Israel); Notes: Denotes uprightness, often used ironically in this context.
3. וַיִּבְעָ֔ט (vayyivʿaṭ) – Root: בעט (b-ʿ-ṭ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and he kicked”; Notes: Suggests rebellion or rejection.
4. שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ (shamanta) – Root: שׁמן (sh-m-n); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you grew fat”; Notes: Refers to physical and metaphorical indulgence.
5. עָבִ֣יתָ (ʿavita) – Root: עבת (ʿ-v-t); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you grew thick”; Notes: Emphasizes becoming dull or insensitive.
6. כָּשִׂ֑יתָ (kāsita) – Root: כשׂה (k-ś-h); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you became covered with fat”; Notes: Further emphasizes overindulgence and spiritual neglect.
7. וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ (vayyitoš) – Root: נטשׁ (n-ṭ-sh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and he forsook”; Notes: Indicates abandonment or rejection.
8. אֱלֹ֣והַ (Eloah) – Root: אלוה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “God”; Notes: A poetic form of the word for God.
9. עָשָׂ֔הוּ (ʿasahu) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with pronominal suffix; Translation: “who made him”; Notes: Refers to God as Creator.
10. וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל (vayy’nabel) – Root: נבל (n-b-l); Form: Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and he despised”; Notes: Strong term indicating profound disrespect.
11. צוּר (Tzur) – Root: צור (ṣ-w-r); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “the Rock”; Notes: A metaphor for God as a stable, strong refuge.
12. יְשֻׁעָתֹֽו׃ (yeshu’ato) – Root: ישׁע (y-sh-ʿ); Form: Feminine singular noun with pronominal suffix; Translation: “of his salvation”; Notes: Refers to God’s role as Savior.