וְעָבַ֣ר יְהוָה֮ לִנְגֹּ֣ף אֶת־מִצְרַיִם֒ וְרָאָ֤ה אֶת־הַדָּם֙ עַל־הַמַּשְׁקֹ֔וף וְעַ֖ל שְׁתֵּ֣י הַמְּזוּזֹ֑ת וּפָסַ֤ח יְהוָה֙ עַל־הַפֶּ֔תַח וְלֹ֤א יִתֵּן֙ הַמַּשְׁחִ֔ית לָבֹ֥א אֶל־בָּתֵּיכֶ֖ם לִנְגֹּֽף׃
And YHWH will pass through to strike Mitsrayim, and He will see the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, and YHWH will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses to strike you.
Morphology
- וְעָבַ֣ר (veʿavar) – Root: עבר (ʿ-v-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And He will pass”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s action of passing through Egypt.
- יְהוָה֮ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenantal name of God.
- לִנְגֹּ֣ף (lingof) – Root: נגף (n-g-p); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “To strike”; Notes: Refers to the act of bringing a plague or judgment.
- אֶת־מִצְרַיִם֒ (et-mitzrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Direct object marker + Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: The object of YHWH’s judgment.
- וְרָאָ֤ה (veraʾah) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And He will see”; Notes: Refers to YHWH observing the blood on the doorposts.
- אֶת־הַדָּם֙ (et-haddam) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The blood”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial blood applied to the lintel and doorposts.
- עַל־הַמַּשְׁקֹ֔וף (ʿal-hamashkof) – Root: שקף (sh-q-f); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “On the lintel”; Notes: Specifies the upper part of the doorframe.
- וְעַ֖ל (veʿal) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Conjunction + Preposition; Translation: “And on”; Notes: Connects to the next object of observation.
- שְׁתֵּ֣י (shtei) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y); Form: Numeral, feminine dual construct; Translation: “Two”; Notes: Refers to the pair of doorposts.
- הַמְּזוּזֹ֑ת (hammezuzot) – Root: מזוזה (m-z-z); Form: Noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “The doorposts”; Notes: The vertical sides of the doorframe.
- וּפָסַ֤ח (ufasaḥ) – Root: פסח (p-s-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And He will pass over”; Notes: Refers to the act of YHWH sparing the marked houses.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of the action.
- עַל־הַפֶּ֔תַח (ʿal-hapetaḥ) – Root: פתח (p-t-ḥ); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “Over the door”; Notes: Specifies the entrance of the house.
- וְלֹ֤א (velo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Negative particle; Translation: “And will not”; Notes: Negates the subsequent action.
- יִתֵּן֙ (yitten) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Allow”; Notes: Indicates permission being withheld.
- הַמַּשְׁחִ֔ית (hamashḥit) – Root: שחת (sh-ḥ-t); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The destroyer”; Notes: Refers to the agent of judgment or destruction.
- לָבֹ֥א (lavo) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “To enter”; Notes: Indicates entry into the marked houses.
- אֶל־בָּתֵּיכֶ֖ם (el-bateikhem) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix; Translation: “Into your houses”; Notes: Specifies the protected dwellings.
- לִנְגֹּֽף׃ (lingof) – Root: נגף (n-g-p); Form: Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “To strike”; Notes: Refers to the purpose of the destroyer’s action.