Exodus 12:30

וַיָּ֨קָם פַּרְעֹ֜ה לַ֗יְלָה ה֤וּא וְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ וְכָל־מִצְרַ֔יִם וַתְּהִ֛י צְעָקָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם כִּֽי־אֵ֣ין בַּ֔יִת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין־שָׁ֖ם מֵֽת׃

And Parʿo rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all Mitsrayim, and there was a great cry in Mitsrayim, for there was no house where there was not someone dead.

Morphology

1. וַיָּ֨קָם (vayyaqam) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he rose”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo rising from his place.
2. פַּרְעֹ֜ה (parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the king of Egypt.
3. לַ֗יְלָה (layla) – Root: ליל (l-y-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “In the night”; Notes: Specifies the time of the event.
4. ה֤וּא (hu) – Root: N/A; Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “He”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo personally.
5. וְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ (vechol-ʿavadav) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And all his servants”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s officials and attendants.
6. וְכָל־מִצְרַ֔יִם (vechol-mitzrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And all Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the general populace of Egypt.
7. וַתְּהִ֛י (vattehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “And there was”; Notes: Describes the occurrence of the cry.
8. צְעָקָ֥ה (tzeʿaqah) – Root: צעק (ts-ʿ-q); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “A cry”; Notes: Refers to the wailing of the Egyptians.
9. גְדֹלָ֖ה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (g-d-l); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “Great”; Notes: Emphasizes the intensity of the cry.
10. בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם (bemitzrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “In Egypt”; Notes: Specifies the location of the cry.
11. כִּֽי־אֵ֣ין (ki-ein) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Negative particle; Translation: “For there was not”; Notes: Explains the reason for the cry.
12. בַּ֔יִת (bayit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “A house”; Notes: Refers to dwellings in Egypt.
13. אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Where”; Notes: Introduces the clause describing the condition of the house.
14. אֵֽין־שָׁ֖ם (ein-sham) – Root: N/A; Form: Negative particle + Adverb; Translation: “There was not there”; Notes: Emphasizes the universality of the loss.
15. מֵֽת׃ (met) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular; Translation: “Someone dead”; Notes: Refers to the presence of at least one death in each house.