וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֜ה אֶל־הָעָ֗ם זָכֹ֞ור אֶת־הַיֹּ֤ום הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְצָאתֶ֤ם מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙ מִבֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֔ים כִּ֚י בְּחֹ֣זֶק יָ֔ד הֹוצִ֧יא יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִזֶּ֑ה וְלֹ֥א יֵאָכֵ֖ל חָמֵֽץ׃
And Moshe said to the people, “Remember this day, on which you went out from Egypt, from the house of bondage; for by a strong hand YHWH brought you out from there, and no leavened bread shall be eaten.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces Moshe’s speech.
- מֹשֶׁ֜ה (moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to the leader of Israel.
- אֶל־הָעָ֗ם (el-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “To the people”; Notes: Specifies the audience.
- זָכֹ֞ור (zakhor) – Root: זכר (z-kh-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Remember”; Notes: A command to keep the day in memory.
- אֶת־הַיֹּ֤ום (et-hayyom) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “This day”; Notes: Refers to the day of liberation.
- הַזֶּה֙ (hazzeh) – Root: זה (z-h); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “This”; Notes: Specifies the day.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (ʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “On which”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate clause.
- יְצָאתֶ֤ם (yetzattem) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2mp; Translation: “You went out”; Notes: Refers to the exodus from Egypt.
- מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם֙ (mimmitzrayim) – Root: מצר (m-ts-r); Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “From Egypt”; Notes: Refers to the place of bondage.
- מִבֵּ֣ית (mibbeit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “From the house of”; Notes: Refers to a condition or place.
- עֲבָדִ֔ים (ʿavadim) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Bondage”; Notes: Refers to slavery.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Provides the reason for remembering the day.
- בְּחֹ֣זֶק (beḥozek) – Root: חזק (ḥ-z-q); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “By a strong”; Notes: Describes the manner of deliverance.
- יָ֔ד (yad) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Hand”; Notes: Symbolizes power.
- הֹוצִ֧יא (hotzi) – Root: יצא (y-ts-ʾ); Form: Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Brought out”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s act of liberation.
- יְהֹוָ֛ה (yhwh) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to God as the deliverer.
- אֶתְכֶ֖ם (etkhem) – Root: N/A; Form: Direct object marker + 2mp suffix; Translation: “You”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- מִזֶּ֑ה (mizzeh) – Root: זה (z-h); Form: Preposition + Demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “From there”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- וְלֹ֥א יֵאָכֵ֖ל (velo yeʾakhel) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Conjunction + Negative particle + Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And no leavened bread shall be eaten”; Notes: Prohibits eating leaven during the observance.
- חָמֵֽץ׃ (ḥametz) – Root: חמץ (ḥ-m-tz); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Leavened bread”; Notes: Refers to bread containing yeast.