וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה נְטֵ֥ה אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ עַל־הַיָּ֑ם וְיָשֻׁ֤בוּ הַמַּ֨יִם֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם עַל־רִכְבֹּ֖ו וְעַל־פָּרָשָֽׁיו׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, and the waters will return upon Mitsrayim, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Introduces YHWH’s command to Moshe.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenant name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (el-Moshe) – Root: משה (M-sh-h); Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Directs the instruction to Moses.
- נְטֵ֥ה (nete) – Root: נטה (n-t-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Stretch out”; Notes: A command for action.
- אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ (et-yadkha) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + 2ms suffix; Translation: “Your hand”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s physical action.
- עַל־הַיָּ֑ם (ʿal-hayyam) – Root: ים (y-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Over the sea”; Notes: Indicates the object of the action.
- וְיָשֻׁ֤בוּ (veyashuvu) – Root: שוב (sh-w-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with vav consecutive; Translation: “And they will return”; Notes: Describes the waters’ movement back.
- הַמַּ֨יִם֙ (hamayim) – Root: מים (m-y-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “The waters”; Notes: Refers to the waters of the sea.
- עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם (ʿal-Mitsrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “Upon Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates the Egyptians as the target.
- עַל־רִכְבֹּ֖ו (ʿal-rikbo) – Root: רכב (r-k-b); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “Upon their chariots”; Notes: Refers to Mitsrayim’s military vehicles.
- וְעַל־פָּרָשָֽׁיו (veʿal-parashav) – Root: פרש (p-r-sh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And upon their horsemen”; Notes: Indicates the mounted soldiers of Mitsrayim.