וַיֻּגַּד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם כִּ֥י בָרַ֖ח הָעָ֑ם וַ֠יֵּהָפֵךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַעֲבָדָיו֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם וַיֹּֽאמרוּ֙ מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעָבְדֵֽנוּ׃
And it was reported to the king of Mitsrayim that the people had fled, and the heart of Parʿo and his servants was turned against the people, and they said, “What is this that we have done, that we have sent away Yisra’el from serving us?”
Morphology
- וַיֻּגַּד֙ (vayuggad) – Root: נגד (n-g-d); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Hofal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And it was reported”; Notes: Passive form indicating that information was brought to the king.
- לְמֶ֣לֶךְ (lemelekh) – Root: מלך (m-l-k); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “To the king of”; Notes: Refers to the ruler of Mitsrayim.
- מִצְרַ֔יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt.
- כִּ֥י בָרַ֖ח (ki varaḥ) – Root: ברח (b-r-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “That had fled”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites’ escape.
- הָעָ֑ם (haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to Yisra’el.
- וַ֠יֵּהָפֵךְ (vayehafekh) – Root: הפך (h-p-kh); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Nifal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And was turned”; Notes: Refers to a change in the attitude of Parʿo and his servants.
- לְבַ֨ב (levav) – Root: לב (l-v); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “The heart of”; Notes: Indicates the inner thoughts and emotions.
- פַּרְעֹ֤ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to the Pharaoh of Mitsrayim.
- וַעֲבָדָיו֙ (vaʿavadav) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “And his servants”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s officials.
- אֶל־הָעָ֔ם (el-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Against the people”; Notes: Indicates hostility or dissatisfaction toward Yisra’el.
- וַיֹּֽאמרוּ֙ (vayomeru) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo and his servants speaking.
- מַה־זֹּ֣את (mah-zot) – Root: מה (m-h) and זאת (z-t); Form: Interrogative pronoun + Demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “What is this”; Notes: Expresses surprise or regret.
- עָשִׂ֔ינוּ (ʿasinu) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cp; Translation: “We have done”; Notes: Refers to their action of releasing Yisra’el.
- כִּֽי־שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ (ki-shillaḥnu) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Piel, Perfect, 1cp; Translation: “That we have sent away”; Notes: Refers to allowing Yisra’el to leave Mitsrayim.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (et-Yisraʾel) – Root: שׂרה (ś-r-h); Form: Accusative marker + Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- מֵעָבְדֵֽנוּ׃ (meʿavdenu) – Root: עבד (ʿ-v-d); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct + 1cp suffix; Translation: “From serving us”; Notes: Refers to their regret at losing their labor force.