Exodus 15:14

שָֽׁמְע֥וּ עַמִּ֖ים יִרְגָּז֑וּן חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת׃

The peoples heard; they trembled. Anguish seized the inhabitants of Philistia.

Morphology

1. שָֽׁמְע֥וּ (shamʿu) – Root: שׁמע (sh-m-ʿ); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, third person plural; Translation: “They heard”; Notes: Refers to the nations hearing of God’s deeds.
2. עַמִּ֖ים (ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Peoples”; Notes: Indicates multiple nations.
3. יִרְגָּז֑וּן (yirgazun) – Root: רגז (r-g-z); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, third person plural; Translation: “They trembled”; Notes: Suggests fear or agitation.
4. חִ֣יל (ḥil) – Root: חול (ḥ-w-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Anguish”; Notes: Denotes physical or emotional distress.
5. אָחַ֔ז (aḥaz) – Root: אחז (ʾ-ḥ-z); Form: Verb, Qal, perfect, third person singular; Translation: “Seized”; Notes: Implies being gripped or overwhelmed.
6. יֹשְׁבֵ֖י (yoshevei) – Root: ישׁב (y-sh-b); Form: Participle, Qal, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Inhabitants of”; Notes: Refers to the residents of a specific location.
7. פְּלָֽשֶׁת׃ (Pelashet) – Root: פלשׁת (p-l-sh-t); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Philistia”; Notes: Refers to the coastal region of the Philistines.