Exodus 18:25

וַיִּבְחַ֨ר מֹשֶׁ֤ה אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֨יִל֙ מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛ם רָאשִׁ֖ים עַל־הָעָ֑ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵאֹ֔ות שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃

And Moshe chose men of valor from all Yisra’el and made them heads over the people, commanders of thousands, commanders of hundreds, commanders of fifties, and commanders of tens.

Morphology

1. וַיִּבְחַ֨ר (vayyivḥar) – Root: בחר (b-ḥ-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he chose”; Notes: Refers to Moshe selecting individuals for leadership.
2. מֹשֶׁ֤ה (Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The subject of the action.
3. אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֨יִל֙ (anshei-ḥayil) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh) + חיל (ḥ-y-l); Form: Construct noun phrase; Translation: “Men of valor”; Notes: Refers to capable and strong individuals.
4. מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (mikkol-Yisra’el) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct + Proper noun; Translation: “From all Yisra’el”; Notes: Indicates the source of the chosen men.
5. וַיִּתֵּ֥ן (vayyiten) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And he made”; Notes: Refers to appointing the men as leaders.
6. אֹתָ֛ם (otam) – Root: N/A; Form: Direct object pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to the selected men.
7. רָאשִׁ֖ים (rashim) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Heads”; Notes: Denotes leadership roles.
8. עַל־הָעָ֑ם (ʿal-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “Over the people”; Notes: Indicates their responsibility.
9. שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ (sarei-alafim) – Root: שר (s-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Commanders of thousands”; Notes: Refers to leaders over larger groups.
10. שָׂרֵ֣י מֵאֹ֔ות (sarei-me’ot) – Root: שר (s-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Commanders of hundreds”; Notes: Indicates a secondary level of leadership.
11. שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (sarei-ḥamishim) – Root: שר (s-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “Commanders of fifties”; Notes: Represents mid-tier leadership roles.
12. וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת (vesarei-asarot) – Root: שר (s-r); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine plural construct + Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “And commanders of tens”; Notes: Refers to leaders of smaller groups.