וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֤יו יְהוָה֙ לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד וְעָלִ֥יתָ אַתָּ֖ה וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים וְהָעָ֗ם אַל־יֶֽהֶרְס֛וּ לַעֲלֹ֥ת אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה פֶּן־יִפְרָץ־בָּֽם׃
And YHWH said to him, “Go down and then come up, you and Aharon with you; but do not let the priests and the people break through to ascend to YHWH, lest He break out against them.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Introduces YHWH’s command.
- אֵלָ֤יו (elav) – Root: אל (ʾ-l); Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “To him”; Notes: Refers to Moshe.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The speaker.
- לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד (lekh-red) – Root: הלך (h-l-k) + ירד (y-r-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “Go down”; Notes: A direct command to Moshe.
- וְעָלִ֥יתָ (veʿalita) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And then come up”; Notes: A subsequent action.
- אַתָּ֖ה (atah) – Root: N/A; Form: Pronoun, 2ms; Translation: “You”; Notes: Refers to Moshe.
- וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן (ve-Aharon) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And Aharon”; Notes: Specifies Aharon as the companion.
- עִמָּ֑ךְ (ʿimmakh) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Preposition + 2ms suffix; Translation: “With you”; Notes: Indicates association.
- וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים (ve-hakohanim) – Root: כהן (k-h-n); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “And the priests”; Notes: Refers to those serving in religious roles.
- וְהָעָ֗ם (ve-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Conjunction + Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “And the people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- אַל־יֶֽהֶרְס֛וּ (ʾal-yehersu) – Root: הרס (h-r-s); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3mp with negative particle; Translation: “Do not let them break through”; Notes: A prohibition.
- לַעֲלֹ֥ת (laʿalot) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “To ascend”; Notes: Indicates the action of going up the mountain.
- אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה (el-YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Preposition + Proper noun; Translation: “To YHWH”; Notes: Specifies the object of the ascent.
- פֶּן־יִפְרָץ־בָּֽם (pen-yifrats-bam) – Root: פרץ (p-r-ts); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3ms + Preposition + 3mp suffix; Translation: “Lest He break out against them”; Notes: A warning of divine judgment.