כְּמַרְאֵ֣ה הַקֶּ֡שֶׁת אֲשֶׁר֩ יִֽהְיֶ֨ה בֶעָנָ֜ן בְּיֹ֣ום הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם כֵּ֣ן מַרְאֵ֤ה הַנֹּ֨גַהּ֙ סָבִ֔יב ה֕וּא מַרְאֵ֖ה דְּמ֣וּת כְּבֹוד־יְהוָ֑ה וָֽאֶרְאֶה֙ וָאֶפֹּ֣ל עַל־פָּנַ֔י וָאֶשְׁמַ֖ע קֹ֥ול מְדַבֵּֽר׃ ס
Like the appearance of the bow that shall be in the cloud on the day of rain, so was the appearance of the brightness all around. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of YHWH. And I saw and I fell upon my face, and I heard the sound of one speaking.
Morphology
- כְּמַרְאֵה (ke-marʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “Like the appearance of”; Notes: Introduces a simile in the vision.
- הַקֶּשֶׁת (ha-qeshet) – Root: קשת; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the bow”; Notes: Refers to a rainbow-like appearance.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that/which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Expresses a state of occurrence.
- בֶעָנָן (be-ʿanan) – Root: ענן; Form: Preposition ב + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the cloud”; Notes: Locative, denoting where the rainbow appears.
- בְּיֹום (be-yom) – Root: יום; Form: Preposition ב + noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Temporal marker.
- הַגֶּשֶׁם (ha-geshem) – Root: גשׁם; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the rain”; Notes: Refers to rainfall.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Indicates comparison to the rainbow’s appearance.
- מַרְאֵה (marʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “appearance”; Notes: Describes visible form.
- הַנֹּגַהּ (ha-nogah) – Root: נגה; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the brightness”; Notes: Refers to radiant light of the vision.
- סָבִיב (saviv) – Root: סבב; Form: Adverb; Translation: “all around”; Notes: Indicates surrounding brilliance.
- הוּא (hu) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “This was”; Notes: Introduces an identification of the vision.
- מַרְאֵה (marʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the appearance”; Notes: Repeated term stressing visual impression.
- דְּמוּת (demut) – Root: דמה; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “the likeness”; Notes: Denotes resemblance, not identity.
- כְּבֹוד־יְהוָה (ke-vod YHWH) – Root: כבד; Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular construct + proper divine name; Translation: “the glory of YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the manifested divine presence.
- וָאֶרְאֶה (va-ʾerʾeh) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 1st person common singular; Translation: “And I saw”; Notes: Ezekiel affirms his perception.
- וָאֶפֹּל (va-ʾepol) – Root: נפל; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 1st person common singular; Translation: “And I fell”; Notes: Response of reverence and awe.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על; Form: Preposition; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Locative, marking the object of falling.
- פָּנַי (panay) – Root: פנה; Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “my face”; Notes: Ezekiel falls prostrate in reverence.
- וָאֶשְׁמַע (va-ʾeshmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 1st person common singular; Translation: “And I heard”; Notes: Transition from vision to audition.
- קֹול (qol) – Root: קול; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “the sound”; Notes: Refers to the audible speech following the vision.
- מְדַבֵּר (medabber) – Root: דבר; Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “speaking”; Notes: Describes the voice actively addressing the prophet.