וְזָכַ֣רְתְּ אֶת־דְּרָכַיִךְ֮ וְנִכְלַמְתְּ֒ בְּקַחְתֵּ֗ךְ אֶת־אֲחֹותַ֨יִךְ֙ הַגְּדֹלֹ֣ות מִמֵּ֔ךְ אֶל־הַקְּטַנֹּ֖ות מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֶתְהֶ֥ן לָ֛ךְ לְבָנֹ֖ות וְלֹ֥א מִבְּרִיתֵֽךְ׃
And you shall remember your ways and be ashamed, when you take your sisters, the elder than you to the younger than you, and I will give them to you for daughters, but not by your covenant.
Morphology
- וְזָכַרְתְּ (ve-zakhart) – Root: זכר; Form: Qal perfect with waw-consecutive, 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and you shall remember”; Notes: Directed to Jerusalem, recalling her past ways.
- אֶת־ (et) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Notes: Introduces the object.
- דְּרָכַיִךְ (derakhayikh) – Root: דרך; Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your ways”; Notes: Refers to conduct and lifestyle.
- וְנִכְלַמְתְּ (ve-nikhlamt) – Root: כלם; Form: Niphal perfect with waw-consecutive, 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and you shall be ashamed”; Notes: Expresses disgrace as a consequence of memory.
- בְּקַחְתֵּךְ (be-qaḥtekh) – Root: לקח; Form: Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “when you take”; Notes: Temporal clause, dependent on the main verb.
- אֶת־אֲחֹותַיִךְ (et-aḥotayikh) – Root: אחות; Form: Noun feminine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix with object marker; Translation: “your sisters”; Notes: Symbolic of neighboring peoples.
- הַגְּדֹלֹות (ha-gedolot) – Root: גדל; Form: Definite adjective feminine plural; Translation: “the elder”; Notes: Qualifies the sisters older than Jerusalem.
- מִמֵּךְ (mimmekh) – Root: מן; Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “than you”; Notes: Comparative phrase.
- אֶל־הַקְּטַנֹּות (el-ha-qetannot) – Root: קטן; Form: Preposition + definite adjective feminine plural; Translation: “to the younger”; Notes: Refers to younger sisters, figuratively smaller nations.
- מִמֵּךְ (mimmekh) – Root: מן; Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “than you”; Notes: Repeated comparative construction.
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natati) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal perfect with waw-consecutive, 1st person common singular; Translation: “and I will give”; Notes: YHWH declares His future action.
- אֶתְהֶן (et-hen) – Root: —; Form: Object marker + 3rd person feminine plural suffix; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers back to the sisters.
- לָךְ (lakh) – Root: —; Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Jerusalem as recipient.
- לְבָנֹות (le-banot) – Root: בת; Form: Preposition + noun feminine plural; Translation: “for daughters”; Notes: Symbolic adoption into covenantal relationship.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “but not”; Notes: Negation emphasizing exclusion.
- מִבְּרִיתֵךְ (mi-beritekh) – Root: ברh; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular construct + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “by your covenant”; Notes: Distinguishes YHWH’s action from Jerusalem’s unfaithful agreements.