וַיִּצְמַ֡ח וַיְהִי֩ לְגֶ֨פֶן סֹרַ֜חַת שִׁפְלַ֣ת קֹומָ֗ה לִפְנֹ֤ות דָּלִיֹּותָיו֙ אֵלָ֔יו וְשָׁרָשָׁ֖יו תַּחְתָּ֣יו יִֽהְי֑וּ וַתְּהִ֣י לְגֶ֔פֶן וַתַּ֣עַשׂ בַּדִּ֔ים וַתְּשַׁלַּ֖ח פֹּארֹֽות׃
And it sprouted and became a spreading vine, low of height, to turn its branches toward him, and its roots were under it. And it became a vine and it made shoots and sent out boughs.
Morphology
- וַיִּצְמַח (va-yitsmaḥ) – Root: צמח; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it sprouted”; Notes: Describes the initial growth of the planted shoot.
- וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it became”; Notes: Marks transformation of the shoot into a vine.
- לְגֶפֶן (le-gefen) – Root: גפן; Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “into a vine”; Notes: Indicates the new identity of the plant.
- סֹרַחַת (soraḥat) – Root: סרׁח; Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “spreading”; Notes: Depicts the vine as trailing or sprawling.
- שִׁפְלַת (shiflat) – Root: שׁפל; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “low of”; Notes: Indicates humility or littleness of stature.
- קֹומָה (qomah) – Root: קום; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “height”; Notes: Specifies the stature of the vine, emphasized as small.
- לִפְנֹות (lifnot) – Root: פנה; Form: Qal infinitive construct with לְ; Translation: “to turn”; Notes: Purpose clause, describing the vine’s orientation.
- דָּלִיֹּותָיו (daliyotav) – Root: דליה; Form: Noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its branches”; Notes: Refers to vine tendrils or hanging shoots.
- אֵלָיו (elav) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “toward him”; Notes: Indicates dependence on or orientation toward the eagle/figure.
- וְשָׁרָשָׁיו (ve-sharashav) – Root: שרשׁ; Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and its roots”; Notes: Anchoring element of the vine.
- תַּחְתָּיו (taḥtav) – Root: תחת; Form: Noun/adverb with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “under it”; Notes: Indicates stability of roots in proximity.
- יִהְיוּ (yihyu) – Root: היה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “would be”; Notes: Expresses continued existence of the roots.
- וַתְּהִי (va-tehi) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it became”; Notes: Reiteration of identity as a vine.
- לְגֶפֶן (le-gefen) – Root: גפן; Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “as a vine”; Notes: Restates its character as cultivated vine.
- וַתַּעַשׂ (va-taʿas) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it made”; Notes: Refers to the vine’s production of shoots.
- בַּדִּים (baddim) – Root: בד; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “shoots / stems”; Notes: Young extensions of the vine, symbolizing growth.
- וַתְּשַׁלַּח (va-teshal-laḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it sent out”; Notes: Intensive stem highlights vigorous extension.
- פֹּארֹות (poʾrot) – Root: פאר; Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “boughs”; Notes: Decorative branches symbolizing flourishing growth.