לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ צֹ֑ר וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עָלַ֨יִךְ֙ גֹּויִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים כְּהַעֲלֹ֥ות הַיָּ֖ם לְגַלָּֽיו׃
Therefore thus says the Lord YHWH: ‘Behold, I am against you, Tzor, and I will bring up against you many nations, as the sea brings up its waves.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (laken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Introduces consequence of Tyre’s actions.
- כֹּה (koh) – Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard prophetic introduction.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s direct speech.
- אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) – Root: אדון (ʾadon); Form: Divine title; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: הן (hen); Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Marks solemn announcement of action.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + second person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Addressed directly to Tyre (feminine).
- צֹר (Tzor) – Root: צור (Tzor); Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Tyre”; Notes: The Phoenician city under judgment.
- וְהַעֲלֵיתִי (ve-haʿaleiti) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person common singular with prefixed ו; Translation: “and I will bring up”; Notes: YHWH actively raises nations like a flood.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + second person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis against Tyre.
- גֹּויִם (goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Foreign peoples serving as instruments of judgment.
- רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural absolute; Translation: “many”; Notes: Emphasizes multitude of attacking nations.
- כְּהַעֲלֹות (ke-haʿalot) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Preposition כְּ + Hiphil infinitive construct with article; Translation: “as the bringing up”; Notes: Comparative simile introducing imagery.
- הַיָּם (ha-yam) – Root: ים (yam); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute with article; Translation: “the sea”; Notes: Symbol of overwhelming force.
- לְגַלָּיו (le-gallav) – Root: גל (gal); Form: Preposition ל + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its waves”; Notes: Comparison of invading nations to surging waves.