בַּשָּׁנָה֙ הָעֲשִׂירִ֔ית בָּעֲשִׂרִ֕י בִּשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃
In the tenth year, in the tenth month, on the twelfth of the month, the word of YHWH came to me, saying,
Morphology
- בַּשָּׁנָה (ba-shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the year”; Notes: The definite article (ה) assimilates into the prefix בְּ, forming בַּ; indicates a specific year in a chronological formula.
- הָעֲשִׂירִית (ha-ʿasirīt) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Definite ordinal adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the tenth”; Notes: Agrees in gender with שָׁנָה (feminine).
- בָּעֲשִׂרִי (ba-ʿasiri) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite ordinal adjective masculine singular; Translation: “in the tenth”; Notes: Refers to the tenth month; masculine agreement with the implied noun חֹדֶשׁ (“month”).
- בִּשְׁנֵים (bi-shenēim) – Root: שׁנים (shenayim); Form: Preposition בְּ + numeral dual masculine; Translation: “in two”; Notes: Functions as part of the phrase “in the twelfth,” combining with עָשָׂר that follows.
- עָשָׂר (ʿasar) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Cardinal numeral masculine singular; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Combines with the preceding numeral to form “twelve.”
- לַחֹדֶשׁ (la-ḥodesh) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥodesh); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the month” or “of the month”; Notes: Indicates the specific month within a dating formula.
- הָיָה (hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was” or “came”; Notes: Introduces the event of divine revelation.
- דְבַר־יְהוָה (devar-YHWH) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + divine name; Translation: “the word of YHWH”; Notes: A frequent prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
- אֵלַי (elai) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition אֶל + 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “to me”; Notes: Marks the recipient of the divine message.
- לֵאמֹר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Standard Hebrew formula introducing direct divine speech.