Ezekiel 29:2

בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם שִׂ֣ים פָּנֶ֔יךָ עַל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְהִנָּבֵ֣א עָלָ֔יו וְעַל־מִצְרַ֖יִם כֻּלָּֽהּ׃

“Son of man, set your face against Parʿo king of Mitsrayim, and prophesy against him and against all Mitsrayim.

Morphology

1. בֶּן־אָדָם (ben-ʾadam) – Root: בן (ben), אדם (ʾadam); Form: Construct chain of noun masculine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “son of man”; Notes: A recurring address to the prophet, emphasizing human frailty and contrast with the divine speaker.
2. שִׂים (sim) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “set” or “place”; Notes: A command initiating the prophetic action; here, figuratively means “direct” or “turn.”
3. פָּנֶיךָ (panekha) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your face”; Notes: The plural form with singular meaning; idiomatically refers to personal attention or focus.
4. עַל־פַּרְעֹה (ʿal-Parʿo) – Root: על (ʿal), פרע (Parʿo); Form: Preposition עַל + proper noun; Translation: “against Parʿo”; Notes: Introduces the target of prophetic denunciation; Parʿo is the ruler of Mitsrayim (Egypt).
5. מֶלֶךְ (melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun masculine singular in construct; Translation: “king of”; Notes: Construct state links it with “Mitsrayim,” forming “king of Mitsrayim.”
6. מִצְרָיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצרים (Mitsrayim); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Refers to Egypt; dual form possibly reflecting Upper and Lower Egypt.
7. וְהִנָּבֵא (ve-hinnave) – Root: נבא (navaʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hitpael imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and prophesy”; Notes: Command to speak under divine inspiration; reflexive form emphasizes the prophet’s engagement in the act of prophesying.
8. עָלָיו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “against him”; Notes: Refers back to Parʿo as the direct object of the prophetic message.
9. וְעַל־מִצְרַיִם (ve-ʿal-Mitsrayim) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Conjunction וְ + Preposition עַל + proper noun; Translation: “and against Mitsrayim”; Notes: Extends the prophetic message beyond Parʿo to the entire nation of Egypt.
10. כֻּלָּהּ (kullah) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “all of it”; Notes: Refers to the totality of Mitsrayim; the feminine suffix agrees with the feminine gender of the country name.