Ezekiel 33:29

וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה בְּתִתִּ֤י אֶת־הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ שְׁמָמָ֣ה וּמְשַׁמָּ֔ה עַ֥ל כָּל־תֹּועֲבֹתָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשֽׂוּ׃ ס

And they shall know that I am YHWH, when I make the land desolate and waste because of all their abominations which they have done.”’

Morphology

1. וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall know”; Notes: Refers to experiential recognition of YHWH’s sovereignty through judgment.
2. כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that / for”; Notes: Introduces the content of the realization—YHWH’s identity and authority.
3. אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphatic personal pronoun, underscoring divine self-revelation.
4. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God—appears frequently in Ezekiel’s recognition formula, emphasizing YHWH’s justice and holiness.
5. בְּתִתִּי (be-titti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Preposition בְּ + Qal infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “when I give / when I make”; Notes: Introduces a temporal clause—marks the act by which recognition of YHWH will occur.
6. אֶת־הָאָרֶץ (et-ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Direct object marker אֶת + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel as the stage of divine judgment.
7. שְׁמָמָה (shemamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “desolation”; Notes: Symbolizes utter ruin and lifelessness—a key theme in prophetic judgment imagery.
8. וּמְשַׁמָּה (u-meshammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and waste”; Notes: Intensifies the degree of devastation—complete barrenness of the land.
9. עַל (ʿal) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “because of / upon”; Notes: Indicates causation or reason—judgment occurs “because of” their sins.
10. כָּל־תֹּועֲבֹתָם (kol-toʿavotam) – Root: תעב (taʿav); Form: Noun feminine plural construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “all their abominations”; Notes: Refers to idolatry and moral corruption that defiled the land.
11. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Connects the previous phrase with the verb describing their actions.
12. עָשׂוּ (ʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have done”; Notes: Marks completed action—Israel’s repeated and deliberate abominations have provoked divine judgment.