Genesis 12:10

ויהי רעב בארץ וירד אברם מצרימה לגור שם כי כבד הרעב בארץ׃

Gen 12:10 [Samaritan]
ויהי רעב בארץ וירד אברם מצרימה לגור שם כי כבד הרעב בארץ׃

Gen 12:10 [Masoretic]
וַיְהִי רָעָב בָּאָרֶץ וַיֵּרֶד אַבְרָם מִצְרַיְמָה לָגוּר שָׁם כִּֽי־כָבֵד הָרָעָב בָּאָֽרֶץ׃

Gen 12:10 [Targum Onkelos]
וַהֲוָה כַפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא וּנְחַת אַבְרָם לְמִצְרַיִם לְאִתּוֹתָבָא תַמָּן אֲרֵי תְּקֵיף כַּפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא:

Gen 12:10 [Peshitta]
ܘܗܘܼܐ ܟܦܢܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ܂ ܘܢܚܼܬ ܐܒܪܡ ܠܡܨܪܝܢ܂ ܠܡܥܡܪ ܬܡܢ܂ ܡܛܠ ܕܥܫܢ ܟܦܢܐ ܛܒ ܒܐܪܥܐ܂

Gen 12:10 [Septuagint]
καὶ ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ κατέβη Αβραμ εἰς αἴγυπτον παροικῆσαι ἐκεῖ ὅτι ἐνίσχυσεν ὁ λιμὸς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς

Gen 12:10 [Vulgate]
facta est autem fames in terra descenditque Abram in Aegyptum ut peregrinaretur ibi praevaluerat enim fames in terra

וַיְהִ֥י רָעָ֖ב בָּאָ֑רֶץ וַיֵּ֨רֶד אַבְרָ֤ם מִצְרַ֨יְמָה֙ לָג֣וּר שָׁ֔ם כִּֽי־כָבֵ֥ד הָרָעָ֖ב בָּאָֽרֶץ׃

There was a famine in the land, so Avram went down to Miṣrayim to sojourn there, for the famine was severe in the land.

Morphology

1. וַיְהִ֥י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Conjunction ו + qal imperfect third person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Marks the beginning of a significant event.
2. רָעָ֖ב (raʿav) – Root: רעב (r-ʿ-v); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “Famine”; Notes: Refers to a scarcity of food.
3. בָּאָ֑רֶץ (ba-arets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition ב + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “In the land”; Notes: Indicates location.
4. וַיֵּ֨רֶד (vayered) – Root: ירד (y-r-d); Form: Conjunction ו + qal imperfect third person masculine singular; Translation: “And he went down”; Notes: Describes Abram’s action of moving to a lower geographical region.
5. אַבְרָ֤ם (ʾAvram) – Root: אברם (ʾ-v-r-m); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Abram”; Notes: Refers to the protagonist.
6. מִצְרַ֨יְמָה (Mitsrayma) – Root: מצרים (m-ts-r-y-m); Form: Proper noun with directional ה; Translation: “To Egypt”; Notes: Indicates the destination of Abram’s journey.
7. לָג֣וּר (lagur) – Root: גור (g-w-r); Form: Preposition ל + qal infinitive construct; Translation: “To sojourn”; Notes: Suggests a temporary residence.
8. שָׁ֔ם (sham) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Adverb; Translation: “There”; Notes: Refers to Egypt as the location.
9. כִּֽי־כָבֵ֥ד (ki-kaved) – Root: כבד (k-v-d); Form: Conjunction כי + qal perfect third person masculine singular; Translation: “For it was severe”; Notes: Provides the reason for Abram’s journey.
10. הָרָעָ֖ב (ha-raʿav) – Root: רעב (r-ʿ-v); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “The famine”; Notes: Refers back to the famine mentioned earlier.
11. בָּאָֽרֶץ (ba-arets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition ב + noun feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “In the land”; Notes: Reiterates the location affected by the famine.