למה אמרת אחתי הוא ואקח אתה לי לאשה ועתה הנה אשתך קח ולך׃
Gen 12:19 [Samaritan]
ולמה אמרת אחתי היא ואקח אתה לי לאשה ועתה הנה אשתך קח ולך׃
Gen 12:19 [Masoretic]
לָמָה אָמַרְתָּ אֲחֹתִי הִוא וָאֶקַּח אֹתָהּ לִי לְאִשָּׁה וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ קַח וָלֵֽךְ׃
Gen 12:19 [Targum Onkelos]
לְמָא אֲמַרְתְּ אֲחַת הִיא וְדַבְרִית יָתָהּ לִי לְאִיתּוּ וּכְעַן הָא אִיתְּתָךְ דְּבַר וְאִיזֵיל:
Gen 12:19 [Peshitta]
ܘܠܡܢܐ ܐܡܼܪܬ ܕܚܬܝ ܗܝ܂ ܘܢܣܒܬܗܿ ܠܝ ܐܢܬܬܐ܂ ܗܫܐ ܗܐ ܐܢܬܬܟ ܕܒܼܪ ܘܙܠ܂
Gen 12:19 [Septuagint]
ἵνα τί εἶπας ὅτι ἀδελφή μού ἐστιν καὶ ἔλαβον αὐτὴν ἐμαυτῷ εἰς γυναῖκα καὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ ἡ γυνή σου ἐναντίον σου λαβὼν ἀπότρεχε
Gen 12:19 [Vulgate]
quam ob causam dixisti esse sororem tuam ut tollerem eam mihi in uxorem nunc igitur ecce coniux tua accipe eam et vade
לָמָ֤ה אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֔וא וָאֶקַּ֥ח אֹתָ֛הּ לִ֖י לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ קַ֥ח וָלֵֽךְ׃
Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so I took her for myself as a wife? And now, here is your wife, take her and go.”
Morphology
- לָמָ֤ה (lamah) – Root: למה (l-m-h); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces Pharaoh’s questioning of Avram’s actions.
- אָמַ֨רְתָּ֙ (amarta) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2ms; Translation: “did you say”; Notes: Refers to Avram’s statement about Sarai.
- אֲחֹ֣תִי (aḥoti) – Root: אחות (ʾ-ḥ-w-t); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1cs suffix; Translation: “my sister”; Notes: Avram’s false claim about Sarai.
- הִ֔וא (hi) – Root: היא (h-y); Form: Pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “she is”; Notes: Emphasizes Sarai’s identity.
- וָאֶקַּ֥ח (vaʾeqkaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “so I took”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s action based on Avram’s claim.
- אֹתָ֛הּ (otah) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Direct object marker with 3fs suffix; Translation: “her”; Notes: Refers to Sarai.
- לִ֖י (li) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with 1cs suffix; Translation: “for myself”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s intent.
- לְאִשָּׁ֑ה (le’ishah) – Root: אשה (ʾ-š-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “as a wife”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh’s taking of Sarai.
- וְעַתָּ֕ה (ve‘attah) – Root: עתה (ʿ-t-h); Form: Conjunction with adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Signals a shift in Pharaoh’s speech.
- הִנֵּ֥ה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (h-n-h); Form: Interjection; Translation: “here is”; Notes: Indicates presentation of Sarai to Avram.
- אִשְׁתְּךָ֖ (ishtekha) – Root: אשה (ʾ-š-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “your wife”; Notes: Acknowledges Sarai’s true relationship to Avram.
- קַ֥ח (qaḥ) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “take”; Notes: Pharaoh commands Avram to reclaim Sarai.
- וָלֵֽךְ (valekh) – Root: הלך (h-l-k); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2ms; Translation: “and go”; Notes: Pharaoh’s dismissal of Avram from Egypt.