ויעל לוט מצוער וישב בהר ושתי בנתיו עמו כי ירא לשבת בצוער וישב במערה הוא ושתי בנתיו׃
Gen 19:30 [Samaritan]
ויעל לוט מצער וישב בהר ושתי בנתיו עמו כי ירא לשבת בצער וישב במערה הוא ושתי בנתיו עמו׃
Gen 19:30 [Masoretic]
וַיַּעַל לֹוט מִצֹּועַר וַיֵּשֶׁב בָּהָר וּשְׁתֵּי בְנֹתָיו עִמֹּו כִּי יָרֵא לָשֶׁבֶת בְּצֹועַר וַיֵּשֶׁב בַּמְּעָרָה הוּא וּשְׁתֵּי בְנֹתָֽיו׃
Gen 19:30 [Targum Onkelos]
וּסְלֵיק לוֹט מִצוֹעַר וִיתֵיב בְּטוּרָא וְתַרְתֵּין בְּנָתֵיהּ עִמֵּיהּ אֲרֵי דְחֵיל לְמִיתַּב בְּצוֹעַר וִיתֵב בִּמְעַרְתָּא הוּא וְתַרְתֵּין בְּנָתֵיהּ׃
Gen 19:30 [Peshitta]
ܘܣܠܼܩ ܠܘܛ ܡܢ ܨܥܪ܂ ܘܝܬܼܒ ܒܛܘܪܐ܂ ܗܼܘ ܘܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ ܒܢ̈ܬܗ ܥܡܗ܂ ܡܛܠ ܕܕܚܼܠ ܠܡܬܒ ܒܨܥܪ܂ ܘܝܬܼܒ ܒܡܥܪܬܐ ܗܼܘ ܘܬܪ̈ܬܝܢ ܒ̈ܢܬܗ܂
וַיַּעַל֩ לֹ֨וט מִצֹּ֜ועַר וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בָּהָ֗ר וּשְׁתֵּ֤י בְנֹתָיו֙ עִמֹּ֔ו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א לָשֶׁ֣בֶת בְּצֹ֑ועַר וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה ה֖וּא וּשְׁתֵּ֥י בְנֹתָֽיו׃
And Lot went up out of Tsoʿar and lived in the mountain, and his two daughters with him, for he was afraid to live in Tsoʿar. And he lived in a cave, he and his two daughters.
Morphology
- וַיַּעַל֩ (vayya’al) – Root: עלה (‘-l-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he went up”; Notes: Describes Lot’s movement from Zoar to higher ground.
- לֹ֨וט (Lot) – Root: לוט (L-w-ṭ); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Lot”; Notes: Refers to the main subject of the action.
- מִצֹּ֜ועַר (mitzo’ar) – Root: צער (tz-ʿ-r); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “from Zoar”; Notes: Indicates the origin of Lot’s journey.
- וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב (vayyeshev) – Root: ישב (y-sh-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he lived”; Notes: Describes Lot’s relocation to the mountain.
- בָּהָ֗ר (bahar) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the mountain”; Notes: Refers to the elevated area Lot moved to.
- וּשְׁתֵּ֤י (ushtei) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Numeral, dual construct; Translation: “and his two”; Notes: Refers to Lot’s daughters.
- בְנֹתָיו֙ (benotav) – Root: בת (b-t); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “daughters”; Notes: Specifies Lot’s companions.
- עִמֹּ֔ו (‘immo) – Root: עם (‘-m); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Indicates that Lot’s daughters accompanied him.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Explains the reason for Lot’s move.
- יָרֵ֖א (yare) – Root: ירא (y-r-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “he was afraid”; Notes: Indicates Lot’s fear of remaining in Zoar.
- לָשֶׁ֣בֶת (lashevet) – Root: ישב (y-sh-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to live”; Notes: Refers to settling in Zoar.
- בְּצֹ֑ועַר (betzo’ar) – Root: צער (tz-ʿ-r); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “in Zoar”; Notes: Specifies the city Lot feared to remain in.
- וַיֵּ֨שֶׁב֙ (vayyeshev) – Root: ישב (y-sh-b); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and he lived”; Notes: Describes Lot’s new residence in the cave.
- בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה (bamma’arah) – Root: מערה (m-ʿ-r-h); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the cave”; Notes: Refers to Lot’s dwelling place after leaving Zoar.
- ה֖וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “he”; Notes: Refers to Lot himself.
- וּשְׁתֵּ֥י (ushtei) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Numeral, dual construct; Translation: “and his two”; Notes: Repeats reference to Lot’s daughters.
- בְנֹתָֽיו (benotav) – Root: בת (b-t); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “daughters”; Notes: Concludes the identification of Lot’s companions.