ויהי ממחרת ותאמר הבכירה אל הצעירה הן שכבתי אמש את אבי נשקנו יין גם הלילה ובאי שכבי עמו ונחיה מאבינו זרע׃
Gen 19:34 [Samaritan]
ויהי ממחרת ותאמר הבכירה אל הצעירה הנה שכבתי אמש את אבי נשקנו יין גם הלילה ובאי שכבי עמו ונחיה מאבינו זרע׃
Gen 19:34 [Masoretic]
וַֽיְהִי מִֽמָּחֳרָת וַתֹּאמֶר הַבְּכִירָה אֶל־הַצְּעִירָה הֵן־שָׁכַבְתִּי אֶמֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִי נַשְׁקֶנּוּ יַיִן גַּם־הַלַּיְלָה וּבֹאִי שִׁכְבִי עִמֹּו וּנְחַיֶּה מֵאָבִינוּ זָֽרַע׃
Gen 19:34 [Targum Onkelos]
וַהֲוָה בְּיוֹמָא דְבָתְרוֹהִי וְאָמַרַת רַבְּתָא לִזְעֵירְתָּא הָא שְׁכֵיבִית רַמְשָׁא עִם אַבָּא נַשְׁקִינֵּיהּ חַמְרָא אַף בְּלֵילְיָא וְעוּלִי שְׁכוּבִי עִמֵּיהּ וּנְקַיֵים מֵאֲבוּנָא בְּנִין׃
Gen 19:34 [Peshitta]
ܘܗܘܼܐ ܠܒܬܪ ܝܘܡܐ܂ ܘܐܡܼܪܬ ܩܫܝܫܬܐ ܠܙܥܘܪܬܐ܂ ܗܐ ܕܡܿܟܬ ܒܪܡܫܐ ܥܡ ܐܒܝ܂ ܢܫܩܝܘܗܝ ܚܡܪܐ ܐܦ ܒܠܠܝܐ ܗܢܐ܂ ܘܥܘܠܝ ܕܡܟܝ ܥܡܗ܂ ܘܢܩܝܡ ܡܢ ܐܒܘܢ ܙܪܥܐ܂
וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הַבְּכִירָה֙ אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֔ה הֵן־שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי אֶ֖מֶשׁ אֶת־אָבִ֑י נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ יַ֜יִן גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה וּבֹ֨אִי֙ שִׁכְבִ֣י עִמֹּ֔ו וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ זָֽרַע׃
And it came to pass on the next day, that the firstborn said to the younger, “Behold, I lay last night with my father. Let us make him drink wine also tonight, and you go in, lie with him, so that we may preserve offspring through our father.”
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִי֙ (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “and it came to pass”; Notes: Marks the transition to a new event.
- מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת (mimmachorat) – Root: מחר (m-ḥ-r); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “on the next day”; Notes: Indicates the time following the previous event.
- וַתֹּ֤אמֶר (vatomer) – Root: אמר (‘-m-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “and she said”; Notes: Refers to the firstborn daughter’s speech.
- הַבְּכִירָה֙ (habekhirah) – Root: בכר (b-k-r); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the firstborn”; Notes: Identifies the elder daughter as the speaker.
- אֶל־הַצְּעִירָ֔ה (‘el-hatz’irah) – Root: צעיר (tz-ʿ-y-r); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the younger”; Notes: Indicates the younger daughter as the listener.
- הֵן (hen) – Root: הן (h-n); Form: Interjection; Translation: “behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the following statement.
- שָׁכַ֥בְתִּי (shakhavti) – Root: שכב (sh-k-v); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1cs; Translation: “I lay”; Notes: Refers to her action of lying with her father.
- אֶ֖מֶשׁ (’emesh) – Root: אמש (‘-m-sh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “last night”; Notes: Indicates the time of the previous event.
- אֶת־אָבִ֑י (et-avi) – Root: אב (‘-b); Form: Definite direct object marker with noun, masculine singular construct and 1cs suffix; Translation: “with my father”; Notes: Specifies the object of her action.
- נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ (nashqennu) – Root: שקה (sh-q-h); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 1cp with 3ms suffix; Translation: “let us make him drink”; Notes: Refers to giving wine to their father again.
- יַ֜יִן (yayin) – Root: יין (y-y-n); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “wine”; Notes: The substance used to intoxicate their father.
- גַּם־הַלַּ֗יְלָה (gam-hallaylah) – Root: לילה (l-y-l-h); Form: Adverb with definite article; Translation: “also tonight”; Notes: Indicates repetition of the previous night’s actions.
- וּבֹ֨אִי (uvo’i) – Root: בוא (b-w-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2fs with conjunction; Translation: “and you go in”; Notes: A directive to the younger sister.
- שִׁכְבִ֣י (shikhvi) – Root: שכב (sh-k-v); Form: Verb, Qal, Imperative, 2fs; Translation: “lie with him”; Notes: Refers to sexual relations.
- עִמֹּ֔ו (‘immo) – Root: עם (‘-m); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Refers to their father.
- וּנְחַיֶּ֥ה (unechayyeh) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 1cp with conjunction; Translation: “and we may preserve alive”; Notes: Refers to their intent to continue their family line.
- מֵאָבִ֖ינוּ (me’avinu) – Root: אב (‘-b); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular construct and 1cp suffix; Translation: “through our father”; Notes: Indicates the source of their offspring.
- זָֽרַע (zera) – Root: זרע (z-r-ʿ); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “offspring”; Notes: Refers to descendants or continuation of their lineage.