Genesis 39:5

Posted on November 12, 2024 by תּוֹרָה

וַיְהִ֡י מֵאָז֩ הִפְקִ֨יד אֹתֹ֜ו בְּבֵיתֹ֗ו וְעַל֙ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶשׁ־לֹ֔ו וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית הַמִּצְרִ֖י בִּגְלַ֣ל יֹוסֵ֑ף וַיְהִ֞י בִּרְכַּ֤ת יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶשׁ־לֹ֔ו בַּבַּ֖יִת וּבַשָּׂדֶֽה׃

And it happened from then, when he appointed him in his house and over all that belonged to him, that YHWH blessed the house of the Mitsri because of Yosef. And the blessing of YHWH was on all that belonged to him, in the house and in the field.

 

# Hebrew Transliteration Literal Gloss Morph Tag
1 וַיְהִי va-yehi “and it happened” Qal wayyiqtol 3ms
2 מֵאָז me-ʾaz “from then” Prep מִן + adv
3 הִפְקִיד hifqid “he appointed” Hiphil qatal 3ms
4 אֹתֹו ʾoto “him” DOM + suff 3ms
5 בְּבֵיתֹו be-veito “in his house” Prep בְּ + N(ms) + suff 3ms
6 וְעַל ve-ʿal “and over” Conj וְ + prep עַל
7 כָּל kol “all” N(ms constr.)
8 אֲשֶׁר ʾasher “that” Relative particle
9 יֶשׁ yesh “there is” Existential particle
10 לֹו lo “to him” Prep לְ + suff 3ms
11 וַיְבָרֶךְ va-yevarekh “and he blessed” Piel wayyiqtol 3ms
12 יְהוָה YHWH “YHWH” Proper divine name
13 אֶת ʾet “[object marker]” Direct object marker
14 בֵּית beit “house of” N(ms constr.)
15 הַמִּצְרִי ha-Mitsri “the Mitsri” Def. art. הַ + gentilic adj. ms
16 בִּגְלַל biglal “because of” Prep בְּ + N(ms constr.)
17 יֹוסֵף Yosef “Yosef” Proper noun
18 וַיְהִי va-yehi “and it was” Qal wayyiqtol 3ms
19 בִּרְכַּת birkat “blessing of” N(fs constr.)
20 יְהוָה YHWH “YHWH” Proper divine name
21 בְּכָל be-khol “in all” Prep בְּ + N(ms constr.)
22 אֲשֶׁר ʾasher “that” Relative particle
23 יֶשׁ yesh “there is” Existential particle
24 לֹו lo “to him” Prep לְ + suff 3ms
25 בַּבַּיִת ba-bayit “in the house” Prep בְּ + Def. art. הַ + N(ms)
26 וּבַשָּׂדֶה u-va-sadeh “and in the field” Conj וְ + prep בְּ + Def. art. הַ + N(ms)

 

Morphology

  1. וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Introduces a temporal result in the narrative after Yosef’s appointment.
  2. מֵאָז (me-ʾaz) – Root: אז; Root Type: Particle/adverb; Form: Preposition מִן contracted as מֵ + adverb; Translation: “from then”; Notes: Marks the beginning point from which the blessing became evident.
  3. הִפְקִיד (hifqid) – Root: פקד (p-q-d); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Hiphil perfect (qatal) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he appointed”; Notes: Refers to Potiphar placing Yosef in charge.
  4. אֹתֹו (ʾoto) – Root: את; Root Type: Particle; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 3rd person masculine singular ־וֹ; Translation: “him”; Notes: Marks Yosef as the object of the appointment.
  5. בְּבֵיתֹו (be-veito) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular ־וֹ; Translation: “in his house”; Notes: Refers to Potiphar’s household sphere.
  6. וְעַל (ve-ʿal) – Root: על; Root Type: Particle/preposition; Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition עַל; Translation: “and over”; Notes: Adds a second sphere of authority entrusted to Yosef.
  7. כָּל (kol) – Root: כלל (k-l-l) traditionally associated; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “all”; Notes: Functions as a comprehensive term for everything belonging to Potiphar.
  8. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Relative particle; Root Type: Particle; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause specifying what Potiphar possessed.
  9. יֶשׁ (yesh) – Root: Existential particle; Root Type: Particle; Form: Existential particle; Translation: “there is”; Notes: Expresses possession when joined with לֹו, literally “there is to him.”
  10. לֹו (lo) – Root: ל; Root Type: Particle/preposition; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular ־וֹ; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Together with יֶשׁ, it expresses “belonged to him.”
  11. וַיְבָרֶךְ (va-yevarekh) – Root: ברך (b-r-kh); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Conjunction וַ + Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he blessed”; Notes: The subject is YHWH, whose blessing extends beyond Yosef to the household.
  12. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Root Type: I/III-He weak divine name formation; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God, identifying the source of blessing.
  13. אֶת (ʾet) – Root: את; Root Type: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “[object marker]”; Notes: Marks בֵּית הַמִּצְרִי as the direct object of YHWH’s blessing.
  14. בֵּית (beit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “house of”; Notes: Forms a construct chain with הַמִּצְרִי.
  15. הַמִּצְרִי (ha-Mitsri) – Root: מצר (m-ṣ-r); Root Type: Strong; Form: Definite article הַ + gentilic adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the Mitsri”; Notes: Identifies Potiphar by his Egyptian identity.
  16. בִּגְלַל (biglal) – Root: גלל (g-l-l); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct) functioning as a causal preposition; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Introduces Yosef as the reason for the household blessing.
  17. יֹוסֵף (Yosef) – Root: יסף (y-s-f); Root Type: I-Yod; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Yosef”; Notes: The blessing comes to the Egyptian household on account of Yosef’s presence.
  18. וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it was”; Notes: Introduces the continuing state of YHWH’s blessing.
  19. בִּרְכַּת (birkat) – Root: ברך (b-r-kh); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “blessing of”; Notes: Forms a construct chain with יְהוָה.
  20. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (h-w-h); Root Type: I/III-He weak divine name formation; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Identifies the blessing as belonging to and proceeding from YHWH.
  21. בְּכָל (be-khol) – Root: כלל (k-l-l) traditionally associated; Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “in all”; Notes: Describes the extent of the blessing as comprehensive.
  22. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Relative particle; Root Type: Particle; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause identifying what belonged to Potiphar.
  23. יֶשׁ (yesh) – Root: Existential particle; Root Type: Particle; Form: Existential particle; Translation: “there is”; Notes: Works with לֹו to express possession.
  24. לֹו (lo) – Root: ל; Root Type: Particle/preposition; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular ־וֹ; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Marks the possessor in the idiom “there is to him.”
  25. בַּבַּיִת (ba-bayit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Root Type: III-Yod; Form: Preposition בְּ + definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the house”; Notes: Refers to the domestic sphere of Potiphar’s estate.
  26. וּבַשָּׂדֶה (u-va-sadeh) – Root: שׂדה (ś-d-h); Root Type: III-He; Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and in the field”; Notes: Extends the blessing from the household to the agricultural or outside property sphere. In Biblical Hebrew, the definite article הַ (“the”) does not disappear after inseparable prepositions like בְּ (“in”), לְ (“to/for”), and כְּ (“as/like”). Instead, it contracts into the preposition. Thus, בְּ + הַ becomes בַּ, so וּבַשָּׂדֶה originally comes from וְ + בְּ + הַ + שָׂדֶה (“and in the field”). The presence of the definite article is still visible through the pataḥ vowel under the preposition and the dagesh (doubling) in the following consonant.

 

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