Genesis 42:12

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֑ם לֹ֕א כִּֽי־עֶרְוַ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ בָּאתֶ֥ם לִרְאֹֽות׃

And he said to them, “No, but the nakedness of the land you have come to see.”

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אָמַר (amar); Form: Verb, Qal, Consecutive Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Refers to Yosef addressing his brothers.
2. אֲלֵהֶ֑ם (alehem) – Root: אֶל (el) + הֵם (hem); Form: Preposition with 3mp suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Yosef speaking to his brothers.
3. לֹ֕א (lo) – Form: Particle; Translation: “No”; Notes: Used to negate the following statement.
4. כִּֽי־ (ki) – Form: Conjunction; Translation: “but”; Notes: Sets up a contrast to the previous denial.
5. עֶרְוַ֥ת (ervat) – Root: עֶרְוָה (ervah); Form: Noun, fs construct; Translation: “the nakedness of”; Notes: Refers to the vulnerability or exposure of the land.
6. הָאָ֖רֶץ (ha’aretz) – Root: אֶרֶץ (eretz); Form: Noun, fs with definite article; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Egypt.
7. בָּאתֶ֥ם (batem) – Root: בּוֹא (bo); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 2mp; Translation: “you have come”; Notes: Refers to the brothers’ purpose in coming.
8. לִרְאֹֽות (lirot) – Root: רָאָה (ra’ah); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct; Translation: “to see”; Notes: Implies suspicion that they have come to spy.