עַל־כֵּ֡ן אֶבְכֶּ֞ה בִּבְכִ֤י יַעְזֵר֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֔ה אֲרַיָּ֨וֶךְ֙ דִּמְעָתִ֔י חֶשְׁבֹּ֖ון וְאֶלְעָלֵ֑ה כִּ֧י עַל־קֵיצֵ֛ךְ וְעַל־קְצִירֵ֖ךְ הֵידָ֥ד נָפָֽל׃
Therefore I will weep with the weeping of Yaʿzer for the vine of Sivmah; I will drench you with my tears, Ḥeshbon and Elʿale; for upon your summer fruit and upon your harvest the shouting has fallen.
Morphology
- עַל־כֵּן (ʿal-ken) – Root: Idiomatic; Form: Preposition + demonstrative; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Signals result or consequence.
- אֶבְכֶּה (evkeh) – Root: בכה (bakah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I will weep”; Notes: Expression of lamentation and sympathy.
- בִּבְכִי (bivkhi) – Root: בכה (bakhi); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “with the weeping”; Notes: Intensifies the sorrow through poetic repetition.
- יַעְזֵר (Yaʿzer) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name; Translation: “Yaʿzer”; Notes: A city near the region of Moʾav.
- גֶּפֶן (gefen) – Root: גפן (gefen); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “vine”; Notes: Symbol of agricultural prosperity, now in ruin.
- שִׂבְמָה (Sivmah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name; Translation: “Sivmah”; Notes: City known for its vineyards.
- אֲרַיָּוֶךְ (ʾarayyavekh) – Root: רוה (ravah); Form: Hifil imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “I will drench you”; Notes: Poetic metaphor for tears as rain.
- דִּמְעָתִי (dimʿati) – Root: דמע (damaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my tears”; Notes: Emphasizes grief.
- חֶשְׁבּוֹן (Ḥeshbon) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name; Translation: “Ḥeshbon”; Notes: Major Moabite city.
- וְאֶלְעָלֵה (ve-Elʿaleh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name; Translation: “and Elʿaleh”; Notes: Neighboring city to Ḥeshbon.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Provides the reason for the weeping.
- עַל־קֵיצֵךְ (ʿal-qeitsekh) – Root: קיץ (qayits); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon your summer fruit”; Notes: Agricultural yield that is lost.
- וְעַל־קְצִירֵךְ (ve-ʿal-qetsirekh) – Root: קצר (qatsar); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and upon your harvest”; Notes: Total agricultural ruin is implied.
- הֵידָד (heidad) – Root: ידד (yadad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “shouting” or “battle cry”; Notes: Could be either joyful harvest shout or war cry—here likely the latter.
- נָפָל (nafal) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has fallen”; Notes: Indicates devastation and mourning replacing harvest joy.