כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י תֵבֵ֖ל וְשֹׁ֣כְנֵי אָ֑רֶץ כִּנְשֹׂא־נֵ֤ס הָרִים֙ תִּרְא֔וּ וְכִתְקֹ֥עַ שֹׁופָ֖ר תִּשְׁמָֽעוּ׃ ס
All inhabitants of the world and dwellers of the earth, when a banner is raised on the mountains, you shall see; and when a shofar is blown, you shall hear.
Morphology
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כלל (kalal); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “All of”; Notes: Introduces a universal subject.
- יֹשְׁבֵי (yoshevei) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “inhabitants of”; Notes: Construct form with “world.”
- תֵבֵל (tevel) – Root: תבל (tevel); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “world”; Notes: Refers to the inhabited earth.
- וְשֹׁכְנֵי (ve-shokhenei) – Root: שׁכן (shakan); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct with conjunction; Translation: “and dwellers of”; Notes: Parallel to “inhabitants.”
- אָרֶץ (ʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “earth”; Notes: Often in poetic contrast with “world.”
- כִּנְשֹׂא־ (ki-nso) – Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “when is lifted”; Notes: Conditional temporal clause.
- נֵס (nes) – Root: נסס (nasas); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “banner”; Notes: A raised signal for gathering or warning.
- הָרִים (harim) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “mountains”; Notes: Location of the banner’s raising.
- תִּרְאוּ (tirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall see”; Notes: Addressed to the audience just identified.
- וְכִתְקֹעַ (ve-kitqoʿa) – Root: תקע (taqaʿ); Form: Conjunction + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “and when is blown”; Notes: Parallel conditional structure to “when a banner is lifted.”
- שֹׁופָר (shofar) – Root: שׁפר (shafar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “shofar,” “ram’s horn”; Notes: Used for signaling events or warnings.
- תִּשְׁמָעוּ (tishmeʿu) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall hear”; Notes: Synchronous with “you shall see.”