וַיִּקְרָ֗א אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָאֹ֖ות בַּיֹּ֣ום הַה֑וּא לִבְכִי֙ וּלְמִסְפֵּ֔ד וּלְקָרְחָ֖ה וְלַחֲגֹ֥ר שָֽׂק׃
And the Lord YHWH of Hosts called on that day for weeping and for mourning and for baldness and for girding with sackcloth.
Morphology
- וַיִּקְרָ֗א (vayyiqra) – Root: קרא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He called”; Notes: Narrative past tense (wayyiqtol).
- אֲדֹנָ֧י (ʾAdonai) – Root: אדן; Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular pronominal suffix (Lord); Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Reverent title for God.
- יְהוִ֛ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, often rendered as “LORD.”
- צְבָאֹ֖ות (tseva’ot) – Root: צבא; Form: Noun, masculine plural in construct; Translation: “of Hosts”; Notes: Title meaning armies or heavenly hosts.
- בַּיֹּ֣ום (bayyom) – Root: יום; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Refers to a specific day of judgment or calamity.
- הַה֑וּא (hahu) – Root: הוא; Form: Demonstrative adjective, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “that”; Notes: Emphasizes a particular day.
- לִבְכִי֙ (livkhi) – Root: בכה; Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “for weeping”; Notes: Indicates purpose or expected action.
- וּלְמִסְפֵּ֔ד (ul-misped) – Root: ספד; Form: Conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “and for mourning”; Notes: Formal expression of grief.
- וּלְקָרְחָ֖ה (ul-qorḥah) – Root: קרח; Form: Conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “and for baldness”; Notes: Symbol of mourning, possibly self-inflicted.
- וְלַחֲגֹ֥ר (ve-laḥagor) – Root: חגר; Form: Conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “and for girding”; Notes: Refers to putting on sackcloth.
- שָֽׂק׃ (saq) – Root: שׂק; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “sackcloth”; Notes: A garment of mourning and repentance.