כַּצֹּ֤אן לִֽשְׁאֹ֣ול שַׁתּוּ֮ מָ֤וֶת יִרְעֵ֥ם וַיִּרְדּ֘וּ בָ֤ם יְשָׁרִ֨ים לַבֹּ֗קֶר וְצִירָם לְבַלֹּ֥ות שְׁאֹ֗ול מִזְּבֻ֥ל לֹֽו׃
Like the flock to Sheʾol they are set, death shepherds them, and the upright rule over them in the morning, and their form to be consumed, Sheʾol from a dwelling for him.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כַּצֹּאן | ka-tsoʾn | “like the flock” | Prep כְ + Def. art. הַ + N(fs collective) |
| 2 | לִשְׁאֹול | li-sheʾol | “to Sheʾol” | Prep לְ + Proper N |
| 3 | שַׁתּוּ | shattu | “they are set” | Qal perfect 3mp |
| 4 | מָוֶת | mavet | “death” | N(ms) |
| 5 | יִרְעֵם | yirʿem | “he shepherds them” | Qal imperfect 3ms + suff 3mp |
| 6 | וַיִּרְדּוּ | va-yirdu | “and they rule” | Qal wayyiqtol 3mp |
| 7 | בָם | bam | “over them” | Prep בְּ + suff 3mp |
| 8 | יְשָׁרִים | yesharim | “upright” | Adj(mp) |
| 9 | לַבֹּקֶר | la-boqer | “in the morning” | Prep לְ + Def. art. הַ + N(ms) |
| 10 | וְצִירָם | ve-tsiram | “and their form” | Conj וְ + N(ms) + suff 3mp |
| 11 | לְבַלֹּות | le-vallot | “to be consumed” | Prep לְ + Inf const Piel |
| 12 | שְׁאֹול | sheʾol | “Sheʾol” | Proper N |
| 13 | מִזְּבֻל | mi-zevul | “from a dwelling” | Prep מִן + N(ms) |
| 14 | לֹו | lo | “for him” | Prep לְ + suff 3ms |
Morphology
- כַּצֹּאן (ka-tsoʾn) – Root: צאן (ṣ-ʾ-n); Root Type: I-Guttural (צ treated strong, א guttural); Form: Preposition כְ + definite article הַ + noun feminine singular collective; Translation: “like the flock”; Notes: Collective imagery.
- לִשְׁאֹול (li-sheʾol) – Root: שׁאל (sh-ʾ-l); Root Type: II-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “to Sheʾol”; Notes: Destination of the dead.
- שַׁתּוּ (shattu) – Root: שׁית (sh-y-t); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they are set”; Notes: Placed or appointed.
- מָוֶת (mavet) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “death”; Notes: Personified.
- יִרְעֵם (yirʿem) – Root: רעה (r-ʿ-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “he shepherds them”; Notes: Death as shepherd.
- וַיִּרְדּוּ (va-yirdu) – Root: רדה (r-d-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they rule”; Notes: Future reversal.
- בָם (bam) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “over them”; Notes: Object of rule.
- יְשָׁרִים (yesharim) – Root: ישׁר (y-sh-r); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “upright”; Notes: The righteous.
- לַבֹּקֶר (la-boqer) – Root: בקר (b-q-r); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition לְ + definite article הַ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the morning”; Notes: Time of reversal.
- וְצִירָם (ve-tsiram) – Root: צור (ṣ-w-r); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and their form”; Notes: Their shape or strength.
- לְבַלֹּות (le-vallot) – Root: בלה (b-l-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Piel; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to be consumed”; Notes: Process of decay.
- שְׁאֹול (sheʾol) – Root: שׁאל (sh-ʾ-l); Root Type: II-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Sheʾol”; Notes: Realm of the dead.
- מִזְּבֻל (mi-zevul) – Root: זבל (z-b-l); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from a dwelling”; Notes: Removed from habitation.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “for him”; Notes: Final reference.